Smithsonian Institution Archives

Finding Aids to Personal Papers and
Special Collections in the Smithsonian Institution Archives

Record Unit 7068
Robert Stanton Avery Papers,
1855-1894

By Gerald J. Rosenzweig


Introduction

Historical Note

Descriptive Entry

Series Descriptions

  Series 1. CORRESPONDENCE. ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY 1856-1894.

  Series 2. RECORDS OF DATA AND COMPUTATIONS.

  Series 3. MATHEMATICAL EQUATIONS AND TABLES.

  Series 4. CLOCKS AND TIDE-GAUGES.

  Series 5. OFFICE NOTES.

  Series 6. PHONETIC ALPHABET PROJECT.

  Series 7. HANDWRITTEN ARTICLE DRAFTS AND NOTES.

  Series 8. PUBLICATIONS.

  Series 9. OVERSIZE MATERIALS.



INTRODUCTION

This finding aid was digitized with funds generously provided by the Smithsonian Institution Women's Committee.


HISTORICAL NOTE

Robert Stanton Avery (1808-1894) graduated from Harvard Divinity School in 1846, but soon turned his attention to mathematics and its application to the physical sciences. Avery taught school in the South, and in 1853 joined the United States Coast Survey (USCS) where he became chief of the Tidal Division. His duties included receiving observer reports taken from tide gauges established on the coasts of the United States and computing tide estimates based on the data received. When Avery retired from the USCS in 1885, he devoted his remaining years to the development of the techniques of phonetic spelling.


DESCRIPTIVE ENTRY

These papers consist of correspondence with members of the United States Coast Survey chiefly concerning tide gauges; descriptions and drawings of working parts of clocks and tide gauges; mathematical equations and tables; records of data connected with Coast Survey work; office notes and vouchers; drafts for articles written and collected by Avery; USCS mathematical and scientific publications; and Avery's phonetic alphabet primers. Also included is correspondence concerning a proposal to print Avery's primers in Great Britain and an obituary of Avery.

Notations within the papers are frequently done in stenography. Knowledge of stenography will be helpful in understanding this material. Correspondents include: Robert Stanton Avery, Alexander Dallas Bache, John Batchelder, Thomas Craig, Julius Erasmus Hilgard, Samuel P. Langley, Macmillan and Company, L. W. Meech, Benjamin Peirce, Charles Anthony Schott, William Wesley and Son, and B. Westerman and Company.


SERIES DESCRIPTIONS

SERIES 1.
CORRESPONDENCE. ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY 1856-1894.

Box 1 of 3

SERIES 2.
RECORDS OF DATA AND COMPUTATIONS.

Box 1 of 3

SERIES 3.
MATHEMATICAL EQUATIONS AND TABLES.

Box 1 of 3

SERIES 4.
CLOCKS AND TIDE-GAUGES.

Box 1 of 3

SERIES 5.
OFFICE NOTES.

Box 1 of 3

SERIES 6.
PHONETIC ALPHABET PROJECT.

Box 1 of 3

SERIES 7.
HANDWRITTEN ARTICLE DRAFTS AND NOTES.

Box 1 of 3

Box 2 of 3

SERIES 8.
PUBLICATIONS.

Box 2 of 3

SERIES 9.
OVERSIZE MATERIALS.

Box 3 of 3


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Revised: July 6, 2006