Charles G. Abbot Interviews, 1973. RU 9500. Audiotapes, 2 hours; transcript, 46 pages. Abbot (1872-1973) served as the fifth Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1928-1944. These interviews of Abbot cover his scientific career in astrophysics, inventions, and role as a Smithsonian administrator.

Robert McCormick Adams Interviews, 1984. RU 9602. Audiotapes, 2.5 hours. Adams (1926- ) served as the ninth Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution from 1984 to 1994. These interviews focus on his education and research prior to his being named Secretary of the Smithsonian in 1984.

African-American Exhibits at the Smithsonian, Oral History Interviews, 1999, 2001. RU 9603. Audiotapes, 9 hours. Michele Gates-Moresi conducted oral history interviews about the history of African-American exhibits at the Smithsonian Institution as part of her dissertation research. In 1999, Gates-Moresi interviewed curators from the National Museum of American History (NMAH). These interviews discuss each curator’s role in and views on National Museum of American History exhibitions that have portrayed African-Americans.

John Warren Aldrich Interviews, 1975, 1977. RU 9511. Audiotapes, 3.5 hours; transcript, 126 pages. Aldrich (1906-1995), an ornithologist, discussed his early interests in natural history, education, career in ornithology at the Buffalo Museum of Science, Cleveland Museum of Natural History, Fish and Wildlife Service, and Division of Birds, National Museum of Natural History; research interests; and activities in professional organizations.

American Association of Museums Centennial Interviews, 2006. RU 9620. Digital audio and video files, 15.5 hours. Graduate students, Melanie M. Blanchard, Lauren A. Boegen, Reagan M. Furrow, Natascha L. Guluk, Heather T. Hawkins, Arthur Kim, Anthony Sankston Wallace, Elizabeth A. Pierson, Erica I. Nuckles, and Kimberly I. Robinson, from the GWU Museum Studies Program and the course instructor, SI Archives Historian Pamela Henson, conducted the interviews with Nina M. Archabal, Director of the Minnesota Historical Society; Rebecca A. Buck, Chief Registrar, The Newark Museum; Lonnie G. Bunch, Director, National Museum of African American History and Culture; Robert Macdonald, former Director, Museum of the City of New York; Marie C. Malaro, former Director, Museum Studies Department, The George Washington University; Kathy McLean, Principal, Independent Exhibitions; Keith E. Melder, former Curator, National Museum of American History; Harold K. Skramstad, Jr., former Director, Henry Ford Museum and Greenfield Village; Kathy Dwyer Southern, Director, National Children's Museum; James M. Vaughn, Vice President, Stewardship of Historic Sites, National Trust for Historic Preservation; and W. Richard West, Jr., Director, National Museum of the American Indian. The interviews document their careers and reflections on careers in the museum profession.

Association of Curators Project, 1983. RU 9522. Audiotapes, 2 hours; transcript, 71 pages. Margaret B. Klapthor (1922-1994) and J. Jefferson Miller, II (1925- ) discussed their careers in the Division of Ceramics and Glass, History, the Political History, and the Division of Extractive Industries at the National Museum of American History at the National Museum of American History, focusing on curatorial methods and collecting policies.

George V. Barton Reminiscences, 1982-1983. RU 9556. Audiotapes, 4 hours; transcript, 135 pages. Barton (1928- ), a marine electronics specialist and amateur astronomer, discussed his hiring at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, orientation to the Satellite Tracking Program, the launching of Sputnik, installation of Baker-Nunn cameras, and his technical innovations such as the Barton Scope and reels for winding film.

Charles F. Bennett, Jr., and Anna Carole Bennett, 1975. RU 9563. Audiotape, 1.5 hours; transcript, 45 pages. This interview of Charles Bennett (1926- ) and his wife Anna by Ira Rubinoff, Director of STRI, covers their first visit to BCI; how the station has changed; different directors' visions for the station, especially Martin Humphrey Moynihan; and STRI's outlook for the future.

S. Stillman Berry Interviews, 1980-1982. RU 9526. Audiotapes, 3.5 hours; transcript, 71 pages. Berry (1887-1984), an independent researcher working in both malacology and horticulture, discussed malacology; his work at Scripps Institution of Biological Research; and provided reminiscences of colleagues, especially Robert Edwards Carter Stearns, A. Myra Keen, and William M. Mann; and traced the development of his private library.

Richard Eliot Blackwelder Interview, 1978. RU 9517. Audiotapes, 2 hours; transcript, 73 pages. Blackwelder (1909-2001), zoologist, specialized in entomology and the principles of zoology, discussed his education, field work, career, research interests and colleagues, focusing on his years in the Division of Insects, United States National Museum.

Charles Blitzer Interviews, 1985-1986. RU 9604. Audiotapes, 10 hours. Blitzer (1927-1999) discussed his education, teaching career, work at the Smithsonian as director of the Office of Education and Training and as Assistant Secretary for History and Art, and reminiscences of colleagues, especially S. Dillon Ripley.

Fausto Bocanegra Interviews, 1988. RU 9561. Transcript, Spanish, 75 pages; English, 89 pages. Bocanegra (1926- ) discussed his youth, over thirty years’ work on Barro Colorado Island, and reminiscences of fellow workers at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, such as Martin Humphrey Moynihan, Oscar Dean Kidd, Carl B. Koford, James Zetek, Adela Gomez, and Francisco Vitola, circa 1952-1988. This collection consists of transcripts only.

Adrien M. Bouche, Jr., Reminiscences, 1992. RU 9567. Audiotape, 1 hour; transcript, 28 pages. Bouche (1923- ), fossil preparator and amateur naturalist, recorded his reminiscences in 1992. He discussed his family history, American scientists working in Panama, the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, plans for a scientific research center in Panama, his career as a fossil preparator, his plans for a museum of the Panama Canal Zone, and colleagues.

James C. Bradley Interviews, 1974-1978. RU 9515. Audiotapes, 22.5 hours; transcript, 363 pages. Bradley (1910-1984), an administrator, discussed his responsibilities as Assistant Secretary and Undersecretary for administrative, fiscal and legislative planning at the Smithsonian from 1959-1978, especially for program development and capital improvement of the American Art and Portrait Galleries, the Hillwood Museum, Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Museum Support Center, National Air and Space Museum, National Portrait Gallery, National Zoological Park, and Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; and his work with Secretaries Leonard Carmichael and S. Dillon Ripley.

Fenner A. Chace, Jr., Interviews, 1977. RU 9514. Audiotapes, 2.5 hours; transcript, 72 pages. Chace (1908-2004), a carcinologist and Research Associate of the National Museum of Natural History, discussed his youth and education, curatorial career at the Museum of Comparative Zoology, United States National Museum, and National Museum of Natural History, research interests in decapod crustacea, service during World War II, and reminiscences about colleagues, especially Thomas Barbour, Horton H. Hobbs, Jr., and Alexander Wetmore.

David Challinor Interviews, 1998-1999. RU 9599. Audiotapes, 24 hours. Challinor (1920- ) discussed his childhood, education, research career, and administrative careers at the Peabody Museum at Yale University, and the Smithsonian Institution. At the Smithsonian, he oversaw all of the science bureau activities, including the National Museum of Natural History, National Zoological Park and its Conservation and Research Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Smithsonian Center for Materials Research and Education, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, as well as special projects in conservation and museum administration.

Nazaret Cherkezian Interview, 1986. RU 9541. Audiotape, 1.5 hours; transcript, 35 pages. Cherkezian (1924-1996), an educational television producer, discussed his education; experiences in television production and public affairs at New York University, WCBS-TV, National Education Television, and National Public Affairs Center for Television; and career as Director of the Office of Telecommunications at the Smithsonian.

John Frederick Gates Clarke Interviews, 1986. RU 9555. Audiotapes, 12.5 hours; transcript, 366 pages. Clarke (1905-1990), a systematic entomologist specializing in Microlepidoptera, discussed his youth and education, career as an entomologist and administrator at the United States Department of Agriculture and National Museum of Natural History, and reminiscences of field work, life in the National Museum, and colleagues, notably August Busck, Carl Heinrich and Carl Frederick William Muesebeck.

Henry Bascom Collins, Jr., Interviews, 1985. RU 9528. Audiotapes, 7 hours; transcript, 235 pages. Collins (1899-1987), an archeologist specializing in Eskimo prehistory, discussed his youth, education, career at the Department of Anthropology, National Museum of Natural History, field work in Alaska, the Arctic, the Southeast and Southwest, directorship of the Ethnogeographic Board, work with the Arctic Institute and Arctic Bibliography, and reminiscences of colleagues.

Conservation and Research Center History Interviews, 2000. RU 9605. Audiotapes, 1 hour. In May of 2000, as part of the 25th anniversary of the Conservation and Research Center, two long-time staff members, Maxie Cameron and George North, were interviewed about the history of the CRC. Both interviewees, who serve on the facilities staff, provided historical background on the CRC property before it was transferred to the Smithsonian and in the years since.

G. Arthur Cooper Interviews, 1984. RU 9524. Audiotapes, 5 hours; transcript, 165 pages. Cooper (1902-2000), a paleobiologist specializing in the classification and stratigraphy of Paleozoic brachiopods, discussed his youth, education, career as a curator at the National Museum of Natural History, especially development of the collection, field work, research and publications, administrative responsibilities, and reminiscences of colleagues at Yale University, United States National Museum, and the United States Geological Survey.

Richard Sumner Cowan Interview, 1974, 1997. RU 9501. Audiotapes, 3.5 hours; transcript, 136 pages. Cowan (1921-1997), a systematic botanist and Director of the National Museum of Natural History, discussed his education, research career in botany, and administration of National Museum of Natural History.

Division of Fishes, National Museum of Natural History, 2003-2004. RU 9616. Audiotapes, 22.5+ hours. The interviews cover their educations, the history of the Division of Fishes, National Museum of Natural History, the careers of these senior scientists in the department, and reminiscences of colleagues. Interviews were conducted to document the history of the Division of Fishes, National Museum of Natural History by David G. Smith and Susan L. Jewett. Interviewees were Bruce B. Collette (1934- ), National Systematics Laboratory, U.S. Department of Commerce, Susan L. Jewett (1945- ), Collection Manager, Victor G. Springer (1928- ), Curator, Stanley H. Weitzman (1927- ), Curator, and Marilyn Jean Sohner Weitzman (1926- ), Research Associate, James C. Tyler, (1935- ) Curator. The Tyler interviews also cover his role as an administrator at the Museum of Natural History and the National Air and Space Museum.

Wallace Joshan Dyar Family Interviews, 1993. RU 9570. Audiotapes, 4.5 hours; transcript, 87 pages. Wallace Joshan Dyar (1913-1999), a philatelist, discussed his family, youth, education in Washington, D.C., careers at the Skyland Resort and United States Postal Service, reminiscences of his parents, including his father Harrison Gray Dyar’s entomological research at the Division of Insects, United States National Museum, his tunnel digging hobby, and their involvement in the Bahai faith; and the Pollock family’s role in the development of kindergartens in the United States. In 1999, Harrison Gray Dyar's grandchildren, Lowell Dyar and Roberta Hill were also interviewed about their family history.

Dorothy Graham Edson Interviews, 1993. RU 9571. Audiotapes, 6 hours; transcript, 268 pages. Edson (1922-1996) discussed travel and the daily routine of a missionary family in China; David Crockett Graham’s work at the University of Chicago, including his work for the Museum of Art, Archeology, and Ethnology; his collecting trips for the Smithsonian; the community of missionaries at the university; missionary duties; his involvement with tribal cultures outside of city areas and his work recording Chinese stories and music of the Maio; the West China Border Research Society; and return to the United States after many years in the field, including his contact with the Smithsonian while residing in Washington, D.C.

Jennie V. Emlong Interview, 1980. RU 9518. Audiotapes, 2 hours; transcript, 52 pages. Emlong (1904-1990), mother of Douglas Ralph Emlong (1942-1980), a paleontological collector, provided a full picture of her talented and multi-faceted son. The interview covers his family background, childhood, education, development of interests in collecting, relationships with paleontologists, major fossil finds, artistic activities, and personality.

Robert K. Enders Interviews, 1976. RU 9562. Audiotapes, 2 hours; transcript, 58 pages. Enders (1899-1988), a zoologist, discussed his introduction to Barro Colorado Island; subsequent research trips there; recollections of fellow scientists and staff at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; comparisons between the island then and now; and suggestions on how to improve the island for research purposes.

John C. Ewers Interviews, 1974-1975. RU 9505. Audiotapes, 5.5 hours; transcript, 149 pages. Ewers (1909-1997), anthropologist specializing in the ethnology of the Plains Indians, discussed his education, early career with the National Park Service and the Museum of the Plains Indian, and his work at the Smithsonian.

Graham Bell Fairchild Interview, 1989. RU 9559. Audiotapes, 1.5 hours; transcript, 37 pages. Fairchild (1906-1994), an entomologist, discussed his reminiscences of the Barro Colorado Island Research Station and the scientists who visited it, the development of Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute under Smithsonian administration, the faculty at Harvard and the Museum of Comparative Zoology, and his career in medical entomology.

F. Raymond Fosberg Interviews, 1993. RU 9572. Audiotapes, 11 hours; transcript, 94 pages. Fosberg (1908-1993), a botanist and ecologist, discussed his early life and influences; education and reminiscences of colleagues, work on the Mangareva Expedition, his career at the United States Geological Survey and United States Department of Agriculture, and work on the Colombian Cinchona Mission and the Marshall Island and Micronesia surveys; career at the National Museum of Natural History and reminiscences of Marie Helene Sachet, and his multidisciplinary, ecological view of science.

Herbert Friedmann Interview, 1975. RU 9506. Audiotapes, 2.5 hours; transcript, 81 pages. Friedmann (1900-1987), ornithologist specializing in African and American parasitic birds, discussed his education, research interests, career and colleagues in the Division of Birds, administration of the Department of Zoology, the United States National Museum, and work in the Exhibits Modernization Program.

Paul Edward Garber Interviews, 1974. RU 9592. Audiotapes, 8 hours; transcript, 187 pages. Garber (1899-1992) was the first curator of the National Air Museum, now the National Air and Space Museum (NASM). These interviews cover his youth, his career at the Smithsonian, the acquisition of famous aircraft, his work for the Navy during World War II, the establishment of the National Air Museum, planning the new NASM building, and life after retirement.

Alfred C. Glassell, Jr. Interviews, 2002. RU 9601. Audiotapes, 2.5 hours; transcript, 75 pages. Glassell, Jr. (1913- ), a leader in the petroleum industry and an advocate for marine biology research, has been a generous supporter of the Smithsonian Institution. These interviews discussed his childhood, his career in the petroleum industry, sport fishing, scientific expeditions, the capture of the world record, 1,560 pound black marlin, also known as the Mighty Marlin that he donated to the National Museum of Natural History for a new hall titled Life in the Sea, and the formation of the Smithsonian National Board.

Edward Porter Henderson Interviews, 1984-1985. RU 9529. Audiotapes, 13 hours; transcript, 492 pages. Henderson (1898-1992) specialized in the study of meterorites for the United States National Museum (USNM). He discussed his youth, education, career as a chemist at the United States Geological Survey and a curator at the USNM, especially his development of the national collections, research techniques, field work, post-war work in Japan for the United States Army, and reminiscences of life in the museum and colleagues.

I. Michael Heyman Interviews, 1999, 2001, 2004, 2007. RU 9607. Audiotapes and digital audio files, 9 hours. I. Michael Heyman (1930- ), law professor and tenth Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, discussed his role as a member of the Smithsonian Board of Regents, especially his work on the Commission on the Future of the Smithsonian, 1995, and his tenure as Secretary from 1994 to 1999, especially the Enola Gay controversy.

Olga C. Hirshhorn Interviews, 1986-1988. RU 9566. Audiotapes, 12.5 hours; transcript, 539 pages. Hirshhorn (1920- ), an art collector, was instrumental in the founding of the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden. These interviews discuss her youth, education, child-rearing years, careers in day care and business services, marriage to Joseph H. Hirshhorn, their travels, art collecting, meeting with S. Dillon Ripley, and the decision to donate the collection to the Smithsonian. Included are reminiscences of such art figures as Willem de Kooning, Henry Moore, Pablo Picasso, and Man Ray.

History of the Conservation and Research Center, National Zoological Park Interviews, 1992-1999. RU 9596. Audiotapes, 8.5 hours. Christen M. Wemmer, director of the Conservation and Research Center (CRC), National Zoological Park (NZP), conducted a series of oral history interviews with individuals central to the history of the CRC from 1992 to 1999. Interviewees included John F. Eisenberg (1935- ), former NZP mammalogist, Eugene Maliniak, former NZP mammalogist, Theodore H. Reed (1922- ), director of the NZP when CRC was founded, and Kenneth E. Stager (1915- ), ornithologist.

History of Tropical Biology Interviews, 1997. RU 9606. Audiotapes, 1.5 hours. As part of her research for her Smithsonian postdoctoral fellowship project, in 1997 Catherine A Christen conducted oral history interviews with two orchid specialists Robert Dressler (1927- ), curator, and William Stern (1926- ), professor of botany, who had conducted research at the neotropics. These interviews discuss Dressler’s and Stern’s involvement with the Association for Tropical Biology and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute during the 1960s.

Cynthia Adams Hoover Interviews, 1986. RU 9608. Audiotapes, 1.5 hours. Cynthia Adams Hoover (1934- ), Curator in the Department of Musical Instruments, discusses her youth, education, and career at the Smithsonian, including the development of a musical instruments division, her special interest in the keyboard collection, her work on various publications, programs, and exhibits, and reminiscences of colleagues and administrators.

Horton H. Hobbs, Jr., Interview, 1976. RU 9509. Audiotapes, 1.5 hours; transcript, 55 pages. Hobbs (1914-1994) specialized in the taxonomy, ecology, and geographic distribution of freshwater decapod crustaceans. He discussed his education and teaching at the University of Florida, career as a professor of zoology and director of the Mountain Lakes Biological Station of the University of Virginia, research interests in crayfish, and role as Head Curator, Department of Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, and director of the Archbold-Bredin-Smithsonian Biological Survey of Dominica.

Phillip S. Hughes Interviews, 1985. RU 9525. Audiotapes, 6.5 hours; transcript, 185 pages. Hughes (1917- ), a public administrator and Under Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution from 1980-1985, discussed his education, career in public administration, and interests in environmental conservation, but focused especially on his roles as consultant to the Board of Regents and as Under Secretary to Secretary S. Dillon Ripley.

Louise Daniel Hutchinson Interviews, 1987. RU 9558. Audiotapes, 3 hours; transcript, 77 pages. Hutchinson (1928- ) directed the Research Center at the Anacostia Museum (AM) from 1974-1986. These interviews cover her childhood in Washington, D.C., education, reminiscences of segregation and community activism, her career as a researcher and educator for the National Portrait Gallery, Douglass Home and AM, and reminiscences of colleagues such as John R. Kinard and S. Dillon Ripley.

Paul Louis Illg Interview, 1978. RU 9609. Audiotapes, 1.5 hours. Illg (1914-1998), Associate Curator of Invertebrate Zoology at the National Museum of Natural History from 1947 to 1952, reminiscences about the staff of the Department of Invertebrate Zoology at the National Museum of Natural History, especially Waldo LaSalle Schmitt, Fenner A. Chace, and Theodore Bayer.

Meredith Leam Jones Interview, 1990. RU 9573. Audiotapes, 5.5 hours; transcript, 168 pages. Jones (1926-1996), an invertebrate zoologist, discussed his education, years at Florida State University and American Museum of Natural History, career at the National Museum of Natural History, research on polycheate worms, especially the eastern Pacific hydrothermal rift fauna of giant tube worms, field work in the Caribbean and Pacific and at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, and reminiscences of colleagues.

A. Myra Keen Interview, 1983. RU 9527. Audiotape, 1 hour; transcript, 20 pages. Keen (1905-1986) was an invertebrate paleontologist and malacologist associated with the Stanford University’s Department of Geology for almost forty years, discussed her education and early interests, career at Stanford University, research interests and fieldwork, and reminiscences about colleagues and students, notably Ida Shepard Oldroyd, Thomas Oldroyd, Paul Bartsch, and Robert Robertson.

Oscar Dean Kidd Interview, 1989. RU 9574. Audiotapes, 4 hours; transcript, 27 pages. Kidd (1907- ) discussed his youth, work as a chauffeur and motorboat operator at Barro Colorado Island, and reminiscences of Barro Colorado Island and the scientists working at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute.

John R. Kinard Interview, 1987. RU 9538. Audiotape, 1.5 hours; transcript, 40 pages. Kinard (1936-1989) was Director of the Anacostia Museum from its founding in 1967 until his death. This interview covers his education, early work in community service, the founding of the Anacostia Neighborhood Museum, and his directorship.

Roxie Collie S. Laybourne Interviews, 2001. RU9610. Audiotapes, 14.5 hours; transcript. . Laybourne (1912-2003), ornithologist, discussed her education, career, and contributions to the field of forensic ornithology, as well as reminiscences of colleagues including John Warren Aldrich and Alexander Wetmore.

Abram Lerner Interviews, 1998. RU 9600. Audiotapes, 3 hours. Lerner (1913-2007), founding director of the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, discussed the beginnings and development of the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden. The interview also included reminiscences of individuals including Joseph H. Hirshhorn, S. Dillon Ripley, Mary Livingston Ripley, Larry Rivers, Raphael Soyer, Fernando Botero, and Henry Moore.

Philip K. Lundeberg Interviews, 2000, 2002. RU 9598. Audiotapes, 6 hours. Lundeberg (1923- ), a naval historian, discussed his education, teaching career, career at the National Museum of American History, work with professional societies and on museum security, as well as reminiscences of colleagues such as Frank A. Taylor.

Lucile Quarry Mann Interviews, 1977. RU 9513. Audiotapes, 8.5 hours; transcript, 250 pages. Mann (1897-1986), an editor and writer, discussed her education, editorial and administrative careers with the Bureau of Entomology and the National Zoological Park, life as wife of the National Zoological Park Director, William M. Mann; travels and expeditions for the zoo; animals raised in their home; famous residents of the zoo; and reminiscences about famous scholars and personalities such as Austin H. Clark, Leonhard Stejneger, Noel Coward, and Alexander Woollcott.

William W. Moss, III, Interview, 1993. RU 9575. Videotapes, 1.2 hours; transcript available. Moss (1935-2007), an archivist, discussed his early life and education, naval career, graduate studies, work at the National Security Agency, career at the Kennedy Library and the Smithsonian Institution Archives, including interests in history at the Smithsonian, the space problem at the Archives, formation of Council of Information and Education Directors, oral history and archival practices, and interests in China and Chinese archives.

Robert P. Multhauf Interviews, 1974. RU 9502. Audiotapes, 3 hours; transcript, 109 pages. Multhauf (1919-2004), a historian of science, discussed his education, career as a historian of science, work in the development of the National Museum of American History, and his role as an administrator.

National Zoological Park, Easter Monday Interviews, 2003. RU 9615. Audiotapes, 3 hours. After the Smithsonian’s National Zoological Park opened in 1891, families began visiting the National Zoo on the Monday after Easter Sunday. Many of the visitors were African Americans who worked as domestics and had the day after the Easter holiday off. Easter Monday at the National Zoo soon became a traditional African American family event that has continued to the present. These interviews with twelve zoo visitors on Easter Monday discuss their families’ Easter Monday traditions and reminiscences of past Easter Monday visits to the zoo. Interviewees were Antoinette Archie, Marie Reardon Dudley, Benet Durant, Harold Flood, Donald Isaac, Delois Jackson, Justine Love, Joyce Madyun, John Matthews, Clarence Miles, Lorraine Miller, and Tyrone Parker.

Nepal Tiger Project Interviews, 2000. RU 9611. Audiotapes, 2 hours. Tigers were declared endangered in 1968, and so, in 1972, Smithsonian Secretary S. Dillon Ripley created the project, to train and develop conservation leaders in the field of tiger ecology, develop a deep understanding of tiger behavioral ecology, and formulate a set of conservation actions that would ensure tiger survival in Nepal. These interviews with Anup Raj Joshi, Bishnu Bahadur Lama, and Pralad Yonzon discuss their roles in the Nepal Tiger Project and reminiscences of Smithsonian staff and activities for the project.

Gilberto Ocana Interview, 1989. RU 9576. Audiotapes, 2 hours; transcript, 34 pages. Ocana ( 1931- ), an agronomist specializing in tropical flora, discussed his family, education, work as an agronomist and professor in Panama, and career at Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, especially his agriforestry project.

Paul H. Oehser Interviews, 1974-1975. RU 9507. Audiotapes, 6 hours; transcript, 173 pages. Oehser (1904-1996), an editor, discussed his education, career as an editor for the Bureau of Biological Survey, Smithsonian and National Geographic Society, role as Public Relations Officer, and work as an author and conservationist.

Ella B. Howard Pearis Interview, 1986. RU 9540. Audiotape, 1.5 hours; transcript, 22 pages. This interview covers Pearis’ life in Anacostia, including her youth, education, work in day care and at the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, and her activities associated with the Anacostia Historical Society and the Smithsonian’s Anacostia Museum.

Watson M. Perrygo Interviews, 1978. RU 9516. Audiotapes, 26 hours; transcript, 893 pages. Perrygo (1906-1984), a naturalist with broad interests in natural history, discussed his youth, education, early associations at and impressions of the Museum; career at the United States National Museum, especially his field trips and work on the Exhibits Modernization Program, recollections of colleagues, interests in historic preservation, and the development of the Botanical Museum in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.

Forrest Carlisle Pogue Interview, 1986. RU 9589. Audiotape, 1 hour; transcript, 28 pages. Pogue (1912-1996), a military historian, discussed his research on General George Marshall, career at the Marshall Research Center and Library, and at the Eisenhower Institute; the role of the Institute within the Smithsonian Institution and National Museum of American History; the history of the National Armed Forces Museum Advisory Board; and his work with the International Commission for Military History.

Louis R. Purnell Interviews, 1993-1994. RU 9578. Audiotapes, 12 hours; transcript, 284 pages. Purnell (1920-2001), a historian of aviation, discussed his childhood in Wilmington, Delaware, and Cape May, New Jersey; his education, love of flying, service during World War II; reminiscences of prominent Army Air Corps personnel, including General Benjamin O. Davis, Jr., career with the office of the Quartermaster General, U.S. Book Exchange, National Museum of Natural History and National Air and Space Museum; the circumstances surrounding the first lunar landing; the move of National Air and Space Museum from the Arts and Industries Building, relationship with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration; and reminiscences of colleagues including G. Arthur Cooper, S. Paul Johnston, and Michael Collins.

A. Stanley Rand Interviews, 1986, 1989-1990. RU 9579. Audiotapes, 3.5 hours; transcript, 108 pages. Rand (1932- ), a herpetologist specializing in frog communication, discussed his youth, education, career as a zoologist at the Departamento de Zoologia, Sao Paulo, Brazil, and his career at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI), his research on reptiles and amphibians, life for families stationed on Barro Colorado Island (BCI) in the 1960s and 1970s, his observations of changes at the BCI research station of STRI, and reminiscences of colleagues, including Martin Humphrey Moynihan, Neal G. Smith, and Dagmar Werner.

Bernice Johnson Reagon Interviews, 1986. RU 9612. Audiotapes, 3 hours. Reagon (1942- ), noted composer, song leader in the 19th century Southwest Georgia choral tradition, and cultural historian, founded the group, Sweet Honey in the Rock, in 1973, and served as a curator at the National Museum of American History at the Smithsonian in the 1980s. She was named a MacArthur Fellow in 1989, distinguished professor of history at American University, and Curator Emeritus at the National Museum of American History. These interviews discuss her background, education, and career at the Smithsonian.

Theodore H. Reed Interviews, 1989-1994. RU 9568. Audiotapes, 29 hours; transcript, 650 pages. Reed (1922- ), a veterinarian and zoo administrator, discussed his youth, education, veterinary practice, experiences at the Portland Zoo; and career at the National Zoological Park, including his tenure as Veterinarian and achievements as Director, especially renovation and modernization of facilities, acquisition of such animals as the Giant Pandas, Komodo dragon and white tigers, creation of an endangered species program and the Conservation and Research Center, and reminiscences of colleagues.

Harald A. Rehder Interviews, 1976-1977. RU 9519. Audiotapes, 6 hours; transcript, 105 pages. Rehder (1907-1996), an invertebrate zoologist, specialized in systematic malacology. He discussed his youth, education, early interests in natural history, career in the Division of Mollusks of the United States National Museum, reminiscences of Paul Bartsch and other colleagues, field work, and research interests in the systematics and geographical distribution of mollusks, especially marine mollusks of the Indo-Pacific region.

Nathan Reingold Interviews, 1973, 1995, 1996. RU 9503. Audiotape, 4 hours; transcript, circa 100 pages. Reingold (1927-2004), a historian of American science, provided background on the history of science at the Smithsonian, and discussed potential issues and interviewees of the Oral History Program. Later interviews discussed his youth, education, and career as Editor of the Papers of Joseph Henry.

Ralph C. Rinzler Interview, 1993. RU 9569. Videotapes, 2.2 hours; transcript, circa 94 pages. Rinzler (1934-1994), a folklorist, joined by Roger Abrahams, discussed his early life and interest in music, involvement in the folk music scene, involvement in the folk music at Swarthmore College and organization of the festival there, beginnings of the Festival of American Folklife at the Smithsonian and his subsequent career at the Institution.

S. Dillon Ripley Interview, 1977-1993. RU 9591. Audiotapes, 38 hours; transcript, circa 700 pages. Ripley (1913-2001), an ornithologist and eighth Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, discussed his youth, early interests in natural history, education, career on the faculty at Yale University, field work and expeditions, tenure as Secretary of the Smithsonian from 1964 to 1984, involvement in international conservation efforts, and reminiscences of individuals, including Salim Ali, August Heckscher, Joseph H. Hirshhorn, G. Evelyn Hutchinson, and Ralph C. Rinzler.

Walter R. Roderick Interviews, 1986-1987. RU 9590. Audiotapes, 3 hours; transcript, 78 pages. Roderick (1935- ), aircraft restoration specialist, discussed his youth, education, career with the U.S. Air Force, Capital Airlines, and the National Air and Space Museum; restoration of such famous aircraft as the Winnie Mae, Vin Fiz, and Douglas World Cruiser; opening of National Air and Space Museum and Silver Hill Museum; and reminiscences of colleagues, including Edward B. Chalkley, Paul E. Garber, and Walter Male.

Pablo Rodriguez-Martinez Interview, 1990. RU 9581. Audiotape, 0.5 hours; transcript, Spanish, 16 pages, English, 14 pages. Rodriguez-Martinez (1936- ) discussed his career as a game warden at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, including descriptions of patrol routines, arrest procedures and work schedules, reminiscences of fellow staff, and his views on improved working conditions and how the island has changed over the years.

Ira Rubinoff Interviews, 1989-1990. RU 9582. Audiotapes, 5.5 hours; transcript, 182 pages. Rubinoff (1938- ), a tropical biologist and Director of the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI), discussed his education, how he came to STRI, establishment of the marine biology program at STRI, master planning for the island, reminiscences of STRI staff and visitors, development of an international mission status for STRI, and the situation in Panama during the United States invasion in 1990.

Curtis W. Sabrosky Interviews, 1988. RU 9583. Audiotapes, 5 hours; transcript, 217 pages. Sabrosky (1910-1997), an entomologist specializing in Diptera, discussed his education, career at the United States Department of Agriculture, work with the National Entomological Collection maintained by the National Museum of Natural History, interests in issues of taxonomic nomenclature, especially his work with the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, and reminiscences of colleagues.

Leonard Peter Schultz Interview, 1976. RU 9510. Audiotapes, 3 hours; transcript, 101 pages. Schultz (1901-1986), ichthyologist, discussed his education; teaching career at the University of Washington; field work in Michigan, the western United States, Virginia, Phoenix and Samoan Islands, Crossroads Operation, research on fishes, tropical aquarium fishes, and sharks; and his career as Curator of the Division of Fishes, National Museum of Natural History.

Senate of Scientists Interviews, 1975. RU 9508. Audiotapes, 16.5 hours; transcript, circa 612 pages. These interviews of Richard S. Boardman, Martin A. Buzas, W. Donald Duckworth, Clifford Evans, Jr., Gordon D. Gibson, W. Duane Hope, Erle G. Kauffman, Porter M. Kier, and Saul H. Riesenberg document the formation of the Senate of Scientists and its early activities in the National Museum of Natural History.

Walter A. Shropshire, Jr., Interviews, 1998-2000. RU 9597. Audiotapes, 15 hours. Shropshire, (1932- ), a biophysicist, discussed his education and research with Max Delbruck and other biophysicists, career at the Division of Radiation and Organisms (DRO), Radiaiton Biology Laboratory (RBL), Smithsonian Environmental Research Center working for Robert B. Withrow and William H. Klein, work on such special projects as the 1981 volume, The Joys of Research, and his career as a Methodist minister.

Jean Chandler Smith Interview, 1986. RU 9588. Audiotapes, 1 hour; transcript, 27 pages. Smith (1913-1999), librarian and bibliographer, discussed her education and career at the Smithsonian Institution Libraries, including staffing, technological advances, acquisition of the Dibner Library of the History of Science and Technology, and her role as an administrator.

Neal Griffith Smith Interview, 1990. RU 9584. Audiotapes, 2.5 hours; transcript, 92 pages. Smith (1937- ), an ornithologist and tropical biologist, discussed his youth, early interests in natural history at the American Museum of Natural History, education, research on the evolutionary biology of birds and insects, career at Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, and reminiscences of living in Barro Colorado Island in the 1960s and 1970s, and of colleagues.

Smithsonian Institution 150th Birthday Party on the Mall Interviews, 1996. RU 9595. Audiotapes, 28 hours. As part of the Smithsonian Institution’s celebration of its Sesquicentennial in 1996, a 150th Birthday Party was held on the National Mall in Washington, D.C. At the Smithsonian Institution Archives tent, interviews were conducted with 39 Smithsonian current and former staff members and visitors. In conjunction with the individual interview sessions held at the Smithsonian Institution Archives tent, 11 informal, group interview sessions were conducted with Smithsonian staff at the Narrative Stage tent. Staff interviewees discussed their careers, daily work, and job experiences.

Smithsonian Institution-Cuba Relations, 1998. RU 9613. Audiotapes, 3 hours. A series of interviews with Smithsonian administrators and a Conservational International scientist who had been active in Smithsonian-Cuban relations in the prior three decades were conducted in 1998. The interviews focused on relations with Cuba following the 1977 Smithsonian staff visit to Cuba hosted by Dr. Alberado Moreno, director of the Havana Zoo, which led to a Memorandum of Understanding between the Smithsonian and the Cuban Academy of Sciences to ensured continued scientific cooperation.

Smithsonian Memories Project, Festival of American Folklife, 1996. RU 9594. Audiotapes, 110 hours; transcript, 289 pages. A section of the 1996 Festival of American Folklife was devoted to capturing the history and memories of Smithsonian for the Smithsonian Institution’s celebration of its Sesquicentennial in 1996. Interviewees included a wide array of Smithsonian staff from many museums and organizations, several Smithsonian volunteers, and a number of visitors to the Festival.

Smithsonian Tropical Rainforest Exhibit Oral History, 1992, 1994.RU 9565. Audiotapes, 18.5 hours; transcript, 313 pages. Steven W. Allison, Smithsonian Predoctoral Fellow, from Cornell University, Department of Science and Technology Studies, conducted these interviews as a part of his doctoral research into the relationship between exhibition and research in natural history museums. These interviews cover the relationship between research and exhibition at the NMNH; the changes in meaning of the rainforest as it was reinterpreted for different exhibits; and the impact of trends in public education about science and the role of an icon, such as the rainforest, in discussions of the environment. The interviewees include: Stanwyn G. Shetler, Reginald "Bud" J. Sayre, Sophy Burnham, Richard Sumner Cowan, Joseph Shannon, Paul N. Perrot, James A. Mahoney, David B. Lellinger, and Thomas E. Lovejoy III.

Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Group Interview, 1990. RU 9580. Audiotape, 1 hour; transcript, 40 pages. This group interview documented life on Barro Colorado Island from the perspective of five residents, Brian C. Bock, A. Stanley Rand, Patricia Rand, Nicholas D. Smythe, and Tanis Smythe. The BCI Research Station, in Panama Canal Zone, was a tropical biology field station established in 1923 and run by a consortium of universities and government agencies. Called the Canal Zone Biological Area, it was transferred to the Smithsonian Institution in 1946 and was renamed the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute in 1966.

Nicholas David Edward Smythe Interview, 1990. RU 9585. Audiotapes, 2 hours; transcript, 81 pages. Smythe (1934- ), a biologist specializing in mammalian ecology and behavior, discussed his family background, education, early interest in mammals, and career at Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, including his research and administrative activities. He also discussed changes occurring in the scientific intellectual community at large.

T. Dale Stewart Interviews, 1975, 1986. RU 9521. Audiotapes, 13.5 hours; transcript, 341 pages. Stewart (1901-1997), a physical anthropologist specializing in the diagnostic characteristics for human skeletons, discussed his youth and education, career as an aid and Curator at the National Museum of Natural History, participation in the Exhibits Modernization Program, anthropological and forensic research, especially his work on the Shanidar Neanderthal skeletons and ossuaries in Southern Maryland; as well as his role as a Smithsonian administrator.

Alan Stone Interviews, 1997. RU 9614. Audiotapes, 3 hours. Stone (1904-1999), an entomologist specializing in the systematics of two-wing flies, reminiscenced about entomologists at Cornell University, the staff of the National Museum of Natural History, relations between the Smithsonian Institution and U.S. Department of Agriculture, his involvement in the Cosmos Club and Washington Biologists’ Field Club, and colleagues such as Charles P. Alexander, John F. G. Clarke, Herbert Friedmann, Curtis W. Sabrosky, and Alexander Wetmore.

Frank A. Taylor Interviews, 1974, 1979-1980, 1982. RU 9512. Audiotapes, 19.5 hours; transcript, 439 pages. Taylor (1903-2007), a historian of science and technology and museum administrator, discussed his youth and education, career at the Smithsonian from Laboratory Apprentice to Director General of Museums, work on the Exhibits Modernization Program and museum legislation, development of the National Museum of History and Technology, role as an administrator, and work in the international museum community.

C. Malcolm Watkins Interviews, 1992, 1994-1995. RU 9586. Audiotapes, 14.5 hours; transcript, 181 pages. Watkins (1911-2001), a cultural historian, discussed his family, youth, education, first job at Wells Historical Museum, curatorial career in the Division of Ethnology, National Museum of Natural History, and Department of Cultural History, National Museum of American History, work on exhibits, research interests, role in the development of the fields of material cultural studies and historical archeology, and reminiscences of colleagues.

Helena M. Weiss Interviews, 1987. RU 9587. Audiotapes, 8 hours; transcript, 357 pages. Weiss (1909-2004), museum registrar and administrator, discussed her work at the Veterans’ Administration and career at the Smithsonian, including her work as a stenographer for the Department of Geology, tenure as Registrar for the United States National Museum, and role as one of the first women managers at the Smithsonian. Also included are reminiscences of many colleagues and stories about her responsibilities for important artifacts and specimens.

Alexander Wetmore Interviews, 1974. RU 9504. Audiotapes, 2 hours; transcript, 54 pages. Wetmore (1886-1978) sixth Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution (1944-1952) and a systematic ornithologist, discussed his field work, expeditions for the Bureau of Biological Survey, duties at the National Zoological Park and the United States National Museum, administration of the Smithsonian, acquisition of the Canal Zone Biological Area, and reminiscences of colleagues.

George C. Wheeler Interview, 1989. RU 9560. Audiotape, 1 hour; transcript, 20 pages. Wheeler (1897-1992), an entomologist, specialized in the morphology and taxonomy of ants. This interview covers his education and mentors at the Rice Institute and Harvard University, his career at the University of North Dakota, research on ants, and his reminiscences of Barro Colorado Island in 1924.

Fred Lawrence Whipple Interviews, 1976. RU 9520. Audiotapes, 3.5 hours; transcript, 87 pages. Whipple (1906-2004), an astrophysicist, discussed his education, research interests, service during World War II, tenure as Director of Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, especially development of the Satellite Tracking Program, Project Celescope, the Whipple Observatory and Multiple Mirror Telescope.

Frank C. Whitmore, Jr., Interview, 1989. RU 9557. Audiotapes, 2 hours; transcript, 55 pages. Whitmore (1917- ), a research geologist for the Paleontology and Stratigraphy Branch of the United States Geological Survey (USGS), discussed his education and career in vertebrate paleontology at the USGS and National Museum of Natural History, focusing on his reminiscences of the history of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology.

A. Gilbert Wright Interviews, 1983. RU 9523. Audiotapes, 7 hours; transcript, 252 pages. Wright (1909-1987), a zoologist and an exhibits curator, discussed his youth; education; museum career with the Illinois State Museum, Florida State Museum, Jefferson National Expansion Memorial and Smithsonian Institution; teaching, publications, and professional interests; and reminiscences of colleagues such as Arthur Sterry Coggeshall, Ralph H. Lewis, Alexander Wetmore, and John E. Anglim.

More detailed information on any of the above oral histories and related archival and manuscript collections is available via Smithsonian Institution Research Information System (SIRIS) in the Archival, Manuscript, and Photographic Collections Catalog.