From its founding to 1954 the Archives was headquartered at the Detroit Institute of Arts. In 1960 the Archives moved its headquarters to New York but a branch office remained in Detroit. In 1963 an office was opened in Rome to collect the records of American artists' work in Italy. In 1970 the Archives became a bureau of the Smithsonian Institution and moved to Washington, D.C. Directors have included Edgar Preston Richardson, 1954-1964; William E. Woolfenden, 1964-1983; Richard N. Murray, 1983-1988; Susan A. Hamilton (Acting Director), 1988-1990; and Richard J. Wattenmaker, 1990- .