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Finding Aids to Official Records of the Smithsonian Institution Archives

Record Unit 233

United States National Museum. Division of Marine Invertebrates

Records, 1853-1962

Repository:Smithsonian Institution Archives, Washington, D.C. Contact us at osiaref@si.edu.
Creator:United States National Museum. Division of Marine Invertebrates
Title:Records
Dates:1853-1962
Quantity:33.22 cu. ft. (56 document boxes) (9 tall document boxes)
Collection:Record Unit 233
Language of Materials:English
Summary:

These records consist mostly of correspondence of the members of the staff of the Division of Marine Invertebrates with naturalists, collectors, colleagues, scientists, and museum officials, concerning identification, exchange, and distribution of specimens; collecting work; museum publications; and museum administration. Some correspondence of Richard Rathbun, 1884-1887, pertains to United States Fish Commission business. Also included are monthly and annual reports of the Division, 1881-1936; invoices of specimens received, 1854-1914, which date back to the collections made by Stimpson; invoices of specimens sent out, 1878-1921; catalog of duplicate specimens, 1872-1881; and miscellaneous material.

Historical Note

The origins of the collection of marine invertebrates under the care of the Smithsonian Institution can be traced to the collections made by William Stimpson while serving as zoologist on the North Pacific Exploring Expedition, 1853-1856, and the specimens collected by the United States Exploring Expedition, which were transferred to the Smithsonian in 1858. Stimpson seems to have been, nominally at least, in charge of the Smithsonian marine invertebrate collections until 1865. By that date the Smithsonian collection of crustacea numbered more than 10,000 jars - the largest in the world at that time. Beginning in the 1870s, large collections of marine invertebrates came to the Smithsonian as a result of the various expeditions conducted by the U. S. Fish Commission. Many of these specimens were retained at Yale University by Addison Emery Verrill for study and identification and did not reach the United States National Museum until 1907.

As a result of a general reorganization of the United States National Museum, the Department of Marine Invertebrates was established in 1880. Under its care were all recent invertebrates, marine and aquatic (excepting mollusks and insects), including protozoans, sponges, coelenterates, echinoderms, ascidians, worms, bryozoans, and crustaceans. Richard Rathbun (1852-1918), a scientific assistant with the U. S. Fish Commission, was appointed honorary curator of Marine Invertebrates in 1880 and retained the title until 1914. In 1897, he was appointed assistant secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, and responsibility for the administration of the Division of Marine Invertebrates fell largely on the two assistant curators, James E. Benedict and Mary Jane Rathbun.

Prior to his appointment as assistant curator in 1890, James F. Benedict (1854-1930) had served as naturalist on the U. S. Fish Commission steamer Albatross. He continued his duties in the Division of Marine Invertebrates until 1909 when he accepted appointment as Chief of Exhibits in the Department of Biology, United States National Museum (USNM).

Mary Jane Rathbun (1860-1943), a sister of Richard Rathbun, was appointed copyist in the Department of Marine Invertebrates in 1886. She was promoted to aid in 1893 and assistant curator in 1894. After her resignation in 1914, she was given the honorary title associate in zoology, and she remained in close association with the museum until her death in 1943.

In 1897 USNM was reorganized into three departments: Biology, Geology, and Anthropology, with Marine Invertebrates as a division of the Department of Biology. On October 16, 1914, the Division of Marine Invertebrates was merged with the Division of Mollusks into a single division under the former title. Richard Rathbun resigned as curator, and the position was assumed by Paul Bartsch. The collection of echinoderms was removed from the Division of Marine Invertebrates on April 1, 1919, and a separate Division of Echinoderms was created with Austin H. Clark as curator. Clark had served as assistant curator in the Division of Marine Invertebrates since 1909. On February 1, 1921 the collections of mollusks were removed from the Division of Marine Invertebrates, and the Division of Mollusks was reestablished with Paul Bartsch as curator. Waldo LaSalle Schmitt assumed the curatorship of the Division of Marine Invertebrates.

In 1947 another administrative reorganization took place in the USNM. As part of the reorganization, the Department of Biology was divided into Departments of Botany and Zoology, with Marine Invertebrates becoming a division of the Department of Zoology. In 1964 the Department of Zoology was divided into three departments: Vertebrate Zoology, Invertebrate Zoology, and Entomology, with Marine Invertebrates a division of the Department of Invertebrate Zoology. On July 1, 1965 the Division of Marine Invertebrates was abolished and three new divisions were formed - Crustacea, Echinoderms, and Worms - and were joined with the existing Division of Mollusks to form the Department of Invertebrate Zoology.

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Descriptive Entry

This record unit includes correspondence of the division, 1861, 1877, 1881-1937; correspondence of assistant and associate curator Clarence R. Shoemaker, 1919-1958; monthly and annual reports, 1881-1936; invoices of specimens received and sent out, 1853-1921; catalogue of duplicate specimens, 1872-1881; and historical material and typescripts.

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Preferred Citation

Smithsonian Institution Archives, Record Unit 233, United States National Museum, Division of Marine Invertebrates, Records

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Container List

Series 1

OUTGOING CORRESPONDENCE, 1884-1945. ARRANGED CHRONOLOGICALLY.

This series consists of bound letterpress books containing copies of outgoing correspondence and requisitions compiled by the Division of Marine Invertebrates (prior to 1898, the Department of Marine Invertebrates). Each volume is indexed alphabetically unless otherwise indicated in the folder listing. Prior to 1891, the letters were written by Richard Rathbun in his capacity as honorary curator of Marine Invertebrates. After that date, the job of correspondence fell primarily to the assistant curators, James E. Benedict and Mary Jane Rathbun. After the merger of the Divisions of Marine Invertebrates and Mollusks in 1914, the new curator, Paul Bartsch, signed most of the correspondence. Also included are letterpress books maintained separately by Mary Jane Rathbun concerning divisional matters, 1894-1902, and by Richard Rathbun mostly concerning his work with the U. S. Fish Commission, 1884-1887.

Box 1

Volume 1 Outgoing correspondence, February 16, 1885 - January 18, 1890

Box 1 of 63

Volume 2 Outgoing correspondence, January 23, 1890 - January 27, 1892

Box 1 of 63

Volume 3 Outgoing correspondence, January 28, 1892 - January 23, 1894

Box 1 of 63

Volume 4 Outgoing correspondence, January 25, 1894 - March 16, 1895

Box 1 of 63

Box 2

Volume 5 Outgoing correspondence, March 16, 1895 - June 5, 1896

Box 2 of 63

Volume 6 Outgoing correspondence, June 6, 1896 - July 31, 1897

Box 2 of 63

Volume 7 Outgoing correspondence, August 1, 1897 - October 8, 1898

Box 2 of 63

Volume 8 Outgoing correspondence, October 8, 1898 - April 2, 1900

Box 2 of 63

Box 3

Volume 9 Outgoing correspondence, April 3, 1900 - October 16, 1901

Box 3 of 63

Volume 10 Outgoing correspondence, October 16, 1901 - February 9, 1903

Box 3 of 63

Volume 11 Outgoing correspondence, February 10, 1903 - November 18, 1904

Box 3 of 63

Volume 12 Outgoing correspondence, November 18, 1904 - February 28, 1907

Box 3 of 63

Box 4

Volume 13 Outgoing correspondence, February 28, 1907 - January 7, 1909

Box 4 of 63

Volume 14 Outgoing correspondence, January 7, 1909 - March 3, 1910

Box 4 of 63

Volume 15 Outgoing correspondence, March 3, 1910 - March 29, 1910

Box 4 of 63

Volume 16 Outgoing correspondence, March 29, 1910 - February 21, 1912

Box 4 of 63

Box 5

Volume 17 Outgoing correspondence, February 23, 1912 - January 6, 1913

Box 5 of 63

Volume 18 Outgoing correspondence, January 6, 1913 - December 6, 1913

Box 5 of 63

Volume 19 Outgoing correspondence, December 6, 1913 - December 21, 1914

Box 5 of 63

Volume 20 Outgoing correspondence, December 22, 1914 - November 3, 1915

Box 5 of 63

Box 6

Volume 21 Outgoing correspondence, November 3, 1915 - September 16, 1916

Box 6 of 63

Volume 22 Outgoing correspondence, September 16, 1916 - November 30, 1917

Box 6 of 63

Volume 23 Outgoing correspondence, December 3, 1917 - June 27, 1919

Box 6 of 63

Box 7

Volume 24 Outgoing correspondence, June 26, 1919 - August 23, 1920

Box 7 of 63

Volume 25 Outgoing correspondence, August 26, 1920 - October 30, 1920

Box 7 of 63

Volume 26 Outgoing correspondence maintained separately by Mary Jane Rathbun concerning her work in the Division of Marine Invertebrates, 1894-1902. Also included is one letter of Richard Rathbun dated June 13, 1889, concerning Fish Commission work and one letter of James E. Benedict dated February 7, 1891 (page 494). Volume is not indexed.

Box 7 of 63

Volume 27 Outgoing correspondence of Richard Rathbun, 1884-1887, mostly concerning Fish Commission matters.

Box 7 of 63

Box 8

Folder 1 Outgoing correspondence, c.1885-1945, dealing mostly with specimen determinations by the staff of the Division responding to correspondents in the United States and abroad. Staff members represented include Waldo L. Schmitt, Mary Jane Rathbun, Leonhard Stejneger, and Clarence R. Shoemaker. (Accession 06-198)

Box 8 of 63

Series 2

INCOMING CORRESPONDENCE, 1861, 1877, 1881-1902. ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY.

This series consists of incoming correspondence compiled by the Division of Marine Invertebrates (prior to 1898, the Department of Marine Invertebrates). Outgoing correspondence for this period can be found in series 1. Most of the correspondence is from naturalists, collectors, and museum officials and concerns the identification, exchange, and distribution of specimens; collecting work; museum publications; and museum administration. There also exists a small quantity of material from suppliers and contractors conducting business with the division. The correspondence is almost exclusively directed to Richard Rathbun prior to 1891. After that date, the majority of the letters are directed to the assistant curators, James E. Benedict and Mary Jane Rathbun. A small amount of material addressed to Secretary Spencer F. Baird (1879-1887) and Assistant Secretary George Brown Goode (1880-1896), was referred to the division for response. The correspondence is indexed alphabetically in a bound volume (box 8, folder 2).

Box 8

Folder 2 Index to incoming correspondence, 1861, 1877, 1881-1902

Box 8 of 63

Folder 3 Abbott - Atwater

Box 8 of 63

Folder 4 Baird - Baskers

Box 8 of 63

Folder 5 Beachler - Benjamin

Box 8 of 63

Folder 6 Bibbins - Burns

Box 8 of 63

Folder 7 Bush, Katharine Jeannette, 1892-1900

Box 8 of 63

Folder 8 Call - Clarke

Box 8 of 63

Folder 9 Cockerell - Craw

Box 8 of 63

Folder 10 Dale - Dorflinger and Sons

Box 8 of 63

Folder 11 Dresel - Dunlap

Box 8 of 63

Box 9

Folder 1 Earll - Eriksson

Box 9 of 63

Folder 2 Fannin - Faxon

Box 9 of 63

Folder 3 Ferguson - Fuller

Box 9 of 63

Folder 4 Gardiner - Gascoyne

Box 9 of 63

Folders 5-7 Geare, Randolph Iltyd, 1883-1902

Box 9 of 63

Folder 8 Gibbs - Goldsmith

Box 9 of 63

Folders 9-12 Goode, George Brown, 1883-1896

Box 9 of 63

Folder 13 Greeley - Gwyn

Box 9 of 63

Box 10

Folder 1 Haddon - Hayward

Box 10 of 63

Folder 2 Heath - Herrick

Box 10 of 63

Folder 3 Hill - Hyatt

Box 10 of 63

Folder 4 I - J

Box 10 of 63

Folder 5 K - L

Box 10 of 63

Folder 6 McCormick - Maywood

Box 10 of 63

Folder 7 Mearns - Metcalf

Box 10 of 63

Folder 8 Minot - Mitsukuri

Box 10 of 63

Folder 9 Mohr - Murray

Box 10 of 63

Box 11

Folder 1 Navy Department - New York

Box 11 of 63

Folder 2 Nobili - Northrop

Box 11 of 63

Folder 3 Nutting - Nylander

Box 11 of 63

Folder 4 O - P

Box 11 of 63

Folder 5 Ramsay - Rankin

Box 11 of 63

Folder 6 Rathbun, Mary Jane, 1889-1902

Box 11 of 63

Folder 7 Rathbun, Richard, 1882-1902

Box 11 of 63

Folder 8 Ravenel - Russell

Box 11 of 63

Folder 9 Safford - Smiley

Box 11 of 63

Folder 10 Smith, Harlan I. - Smith, Sidney I.

Box 11 of 63

Folder 11 Snyder - Suchetet

Box 11 of 63

Box 12

Folder 1 Tanner - Tristan

Box 12 of 63

Folders 2-3 True, Frederick William, 1883-1902

Box 12 of 63

Folder 4 Truslow & Co. - Tyler

Box 12 of 63

Folder 5 Uhler - Vaughn

Box 12 of 63

Folder 6 Verrill, Addison Emery, 1891-1902

Box 12 of 63

Folder 7 Walcott, Charles D., 1885-1898

Box 12 of 63

Folder 8 Waltz - Watkins

Box 12 of 63

Folder 9 Webb - Wright

Box 12 of 63

Folder 10 Y

Box 12 of 63

Series 3

INCOMING CORRESPONDENCE, 1903-1920. ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY.

This series consists of incoming correspondence much the same as that found in series 2. Although the outgoing correspondence for this period was maintained in letterpress books (see series 1), a small amount is found in this series. Until 1914, the majority of correspondence is directed to assistant curators Benedict and Rathbun as before. After 1914, the correspondence is addressed primarily to the new curator Paul Bartsch, with smaller amounts to Waldo LaSalle Schmitt, who was appointed assistant curator in 1915, and Mary Jane Rathbun in her capacity as associate in zoology.

Box 13

Folder 1 Adams - Arnold

Box 13 of 63

Folder 2 Bailey - Bausch & Lamb

Box 13 of 63

Folder 3 Bean - Bensley

Box 13 of 63

Folder 4 Bidwell - Burgess

Box 13 of 63

Folder 5 Calman - Cleaves

Box 13 of 63

Box 14

Folder 1 Cobb - Cushman

Box 14 of 63

Folder 2 Dahlgren - Dunlap

Box 14 of 63

Folder 3 Earland - Ewing

Box 14 of 63

Folder 4 Fackenthal - Fellows

Box 14 of 63

Folder 5 Fisher - Fuhrmann

Box 14 of 63

Folder 6 Gallaher - Glenn

Box 14 of 63

Box 15

Folder 1 Goes - Gunnell

Box 15 of 63

Folder 2 Hall - Herrick

Box 15 of 63

Folder 3 Higginson - Hyman

Box 15 of 63

Folder 4 I - J

Box 15 of 63

Folder 5 Kahn - Kunkel

Box 15 of 63

Folder 6 Lagerberg - Lutz

Box 15 of 63

Folder 7 McClendon - Mayer

Box 15 of 63

Box 16

Folder 1 Mearns - Mitchell

Box 16 of 63

Folder 2 Mollusks, Division of - Myers

Box 16 of 63

Folder 3 Naturalists, American Society of - Nutting

Box 16 of 63

Folder 4 Odhner - Owen

Box 16 of 63

Folder 5 Paine - Peter

Box 16 of 63

Folder 6 Piers - Putnam

Box 16 of 63

Box 17

Folder 1 Racovitza - Ransom

Box 17 of 63

Folder 2 Rathbun, Mary Jane, 1905-1915

Box 17 of 63

Folder 3 Rathbun, Richard, 1903-1918

Box 17 of 63

Folder 4 Ravenel, William de C., 1903-1920

Box 17 of 63

Folder 5 Ray - Ruthven

Box 17 of 63

Folder 6 Safford - Smith, C. Stowell

Box 17 of 63

Folder 7 Smith, Frank, 1912-1920

Box 17 of 63

Folder 8 Smith, George Otis - Southwell

Box 17 of 63

Box 18

Folder 1 Spengel - Steel

Box 18 of 63

Folder 2 Stejneger, Leonhard, 1904-1920

Box 18 of 63

Folder 3 Stephenson - Sydnor

Box 18 of 63

Folder 4 Taft - True

Box 18 of 63

Folder 5 Ulrey - Urita

Box 18 of 63

Folder 6 Van Name - Vissca

Box 18 of 63

Folder 7 Walcott - Williamson

Box 18 of 63

Folder 8 Wilson, Charles B., 1903-1920

Box 18 of 63

Folder 9 Wilson, H. V. - Zetek

Box 18 of 63

Series 4

GENERAL CORRESPONDENCE (INCOMING AND OUTGOING), 1921-1937, 1939, 1961-1962. ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY.

This series consists of both incoming and outgoing correspondence carried out by the Division of Marine Invertebrates. The material is much the same as that found in series 1, 2, and 3, mostly concerning the collections under the care of the Division of Marine Invertebrates. The majority of correspondence is directed to Waldo LaSalle Schmitt, who was appointed curator of Marine Invertebrates in 1921, with smaller amounts to assistant curator Clarence R. Shoemaker and Mary Jane Rathbun in her capacity as associate in Zoology.

Box 19

Folder 1 Abbot - Absolon

Box 19 of 63

Folders 2-8 Accession Memoranda, 1926-1933

Box 19 of 63

Box 20

Folders 1-4 Accession Memoranda, 1933-1937

Box 20 of 63

Folder 5 Accevedo - Alden

Box 20 of 63

Folder 6 Aldrich - Allee

Box 20 of 63

Folder 7 Allen - Altdoerffer

Box 20 of 63

Folder 8 Amaral - American Relief Administration

Box 20 of 63

Folder 9 Ames - Artschwager

Box 20 of 63

Box 21

Folder 1 Ashburn - Ayres

Box 21 of 63

Folder 2 Baade - Baker

Box 21 of 63

Folder 3 Balan - Balss

Box 21 of 63

Folder 4 Banda - Barbour

Box 21 of 63

Folder 5 Barger - Barrows

Box 21 of 63

Folder 6 Bartlett - Bartsch

Box 21 of 63

Folder 7 Bass - Bayliff

Box 21 of 63

Folder 8 Bean - Beebe

Box 21 of 63

Folder 9 Behning - Bent

Box 21 of 63

Folder 10 Bere - Beurlen

Box 21 of 63

Box 22

Folder 1 Bidwell, Percy W., 1922

Box 22 of 63

Folder 2 Bigelow, Henry Bryant, 1921-1937

Box 22 of 63

Folder 3 Bigelow, Robert Panye - Binsse

Box 22 of 63

Folders 4-6 Biological Abstracts - 1923-1937

Box 22 of 63

Folder 7 Birdseye - Bishop

Box 22 of 63

Folder 8 Blackman - Blote

Box 22 of 63

Folder 9 Bock - Borradaile

Box 22 of 63

Folder 10 Boschma, Heinrich, 1925-1937

Box 22 of 63

Folder 11 Boston - Boyle

Box 22 of 63

Box 23

Folder 1 Brachmansky - Brooks, Charles F.

Box 23 of 63

Folder 2 Brooks, Stanley Truman, 1930-1937

Box 23 of 63

Folder 3 Brown - Bryant, Harold C.

Box 23 of 63

Folders 4-6 Bryant, Herbert S., 1921-1937

Box 23 of 63

Folder 7 Buckley - Burgess

Box 23 of 63

Folder 8 Burkenroad, Martin David, 1930-1937

Box 23 of 63

Folder 9 Burkholder - Buwalda

Box 23 of 63

Folder 10 Cabanillas - Callaway

Box 23 of 63

Folder 11 Calman, William Thomas, 1921-1936

Box 23 of 63

Folder 12 Calvert - Carl

Box 23 of 63

Folder 13 Carlgren, Oskar, 1930-1937

Box 23 of 63

Box 24

Folder 1 Carnegie Institute of Washington - Cary

Box 24 of 63

Folder 2 Casanowicz - Caudell

Box 24 of 63

Folder 3 Chace, E. P., 1921-1932

Box 24 of 63

Folder 4 Chace, Fenner A., Jr., 1933-1937

Box 24 of 63

Folder 5 Chadwick - Chase

Box 24 of 63

Folder 6 Cheatum - Cheverlange

Box 24 of 63

Folder 7 Chicago, University of - Chute

Box 24 of 63

Folder 8 Civil Service Commission, 1928-1936

Box 24 of 63

Folder 9 Clark, Mr. - Clark, H. Walton

Box 24 of 63

Folder 10 Clark, Hubert Lyman, 1927-1937

Box 24 of 63

Folder 11 Clark, Leila - Clum

Box 24 of 63

Folder 12 Coastal Transit Co. - Cockerell

Box 24 of 63

Folder 13 Coe - Cogill

Box 24 of 63

Folder 14 Coker, Robert Ervin, 1921-1937

Box 24 of 63

Folder 15 Cole - Colt

Box 24 of 63

Folder 16 Commerford, Lester E., 1921-1937

Box 24 of 63

Box 25

Folder 1 Conger - Copp

Box 25 of 63

Folder 2 Corbin - Cory

Box 25 of 63

Folder 3 Cosmos Club - Couzens

Box 25 of 63

Folder 4 Cowles, Rheinart Parker, 1921-1934

Box 25 of 63

Folder 5 Grant - Crowell

Box 25 of 63

Folder 6 Cumming - Cushman

Box 25 of 63

Folder 7 Dahlgren - Dayton

Box 25 of 63

Folder 8 Dean - Deichman, Carl T.

Box 25 of 63

Folder 9 Deichmann, Elisabeth, 1926-1937

Box 25 of 63

Folder 10 de Laubenfels, Max Walker, 1926-1937

Box 25 of 63

Box 26

Folder 1 Della Valle - Dimler

Box 26 of 63

Folder 2 Dodds - Doyle

Box 26 of 63

Folder 3 Drayton - Dye

Box 26 of 63

Folder 4 Eagleson - Edmondson

Box 26 of 63

Folder 5 Edwards - Ellingston

Box 26 of 63

Folder 6 Elliot, Raymond S., Jr., 1933-1934

Box 26 of 63

Folder 7 Ellis - Ellison

Box 26 of 63

Folder 8 Ellsworth - Equitable Life Assurance Society, The

Box 26 of 63

Folder 9 Erwin - Explorers Club

Box 26 of 63

Folder 10 Fagan - Fewkes

Box 26 of 63

Box 27

Folder 1 Fiedler - Firth

Box 27 of 63

Folder 2 Fish, Charles John, 1923-1937

Box 27 of 63

Folder 3 Fisher, A. K. - Fisher, M. J.

Box 27 of 63

Folder 4 Fisher, Walter Kenrick, 1921-1937

Box 27 of 63

Folder 5 Fisheries, U.S. Bureau of - Florida East Coast Railway

Box 27 of 63

Folder 6 Fock - Foyles

Box 27 of 63

Folder 7 Franklin - Frye

Box 27 of 63

Folder 8 Funk - Fyfe

Box 27 of 63

Folder 9 Gadd - Garrell

Box 27 of 63

Box 28

Folder 1 Garth, John Shrader, 1933-1937

Box 28 of 63

Folder 2 Garvin - Gass

Box 28 of 63

Folder 3 Gates, Gordon Enoch, 1927-1936

Box 28 of 63

Folder 4 Gates, Sebastian - Gee

Box 28 of 63

Folder 5 Geiser, Samuel Wood, 1926-1936

Box 28 of 63

Folder 6 General Biological Supply House - Gerould

Box 28 of 63

Folder 7 Gherardi, Walter Rockwell, 1931-1935

Box 28 of 63

Folder 8 Giegerich - Gillespie

Box 28 of 63

Folder 9 Giltay, Louis, 1933-1936

Box 28 of 63

Folder 10 Ginsburg - Glaessner

Box 28 of 63

Folder 11 Glassell, Steve A., 1932-1937

Box 28 of 63

Folder 12 Glenn - Gordon, R. S.

Box 28 of 63

Box 29

Folder 1 Gorrell - Graenicher

Box 29 of 63

Folder 2 Graf, John Enos, 1931-1937

Box 29 of 63

Folder 3 Grafi - Graham, David C.

Box 29 of 63

Folder 4 Graham, Herbert William, 1931-1937

Box 29 of 63

Folder 5 Grant - Gray

Box 29 of 63

Folder 6 Green - Greywacz

Box 29 of 63

Folder 7 Grieg - Grunsky

Box 29 of 63

Folder 8 Guggenheimer Foundation, John Simon - Gurjanova, Eupraxie

Box 29 of 63

Folder 9 Gurney, Robert, 1923-1937

Box 29 of 63

Folder 10 Gutsell, James Squier, 1922-1936

Box 29 of 63

Folder 11 Haagen - Hamilton

Box 29 of 63

Folder 12 Hancock - Hanstorm

Box 29 of 63

Folder 13 Hardy - Hartford

Box 29 of 63

Box 30

Folder 1 Hartman, Olga, 1934-1937

Box 30 of 63

Folder 2 Hartmann - Hazard

Box 30 of 63

Folder 3 Heath - Hess

Box 30 of 63

Folder 4 Hickson - Hightower

Box 30 of 63

Folder 5 Hildebrand, Samuel Frederick, 1921-1936

Box 30 of 63

Folder 6 Hill - Hix

Box 30 of 63

Folder 7 Hobbs - von Hofsten

Box 30 of 63

Folder 8 Holdaway - Hrdlicka

Box 30 of 63

Folder 9 Hubbard - Hull

Box 30 of 63

Folder 10 Hummelinck - Huntington

Box 30 of 63

Folder 11 Huntsman - Huxley

Box 30 of 63

Folder 12 Hyde - Hynes

Box 30 of 63

Folder 13 Ihle - Isis

Box 30 of 63

Box 31

Folder 1 Jackson - Jewell

Box 31 of 63

Folder 2 Johansen, Frits, 1921-1930

Box 31 of 63

Folder 3 Johnson - Joyce

Box 31 of 63

Folder 4 Juday, Chancey, 1925-1937

Box 31 of 63

Folder 5 Judd - Jurado

Box 31 of 63

Folder 6 Kaburaki - Kellerman

Box 31 of 63

Folders 7-8 Kellers, Henry C., 1922-1937

Box 31 of 63

Folder 9 Kelleter - Keystone View Co.

Box 31 of 63

Folder 10 Khaw - Kny-Scheerer Co.

Box 31 of 63

Folder 11 Koba - Kozminski

Box 31 of 63

Folder 12 Kraatz - Kummel

Box 31 of 63

Box 32

Folder 1 Labor Board (Navy Yard) - Lawrence

Box 32 of 63

Folder 2 Leary, Stuart Co. - Lewis

Box 32 of 63

Folder 3 Libbey - Light

Box 32 of 63

Folder 4 Lincoln - Livingston

Box 32 of 63

Folder 5 Lobdell - Long

Box 32 of 63

Folder 6 Longley, William Harding, 1924-1936

Box 32 of 63

Folder 7 Longmans, Green & Co. - Loyning

Box 32 of 63

Folder 8 Lucas - Luederwaldt

Box 32 of 63

Folder 9 Lunz, George Robert, Jr., 1933-1937

Box 32 of 63

Folder 10 Lutz - Lyons

Box 32 of 63

Box 33

Folder 1 McAfee - McEwen

Box 33 of 63

Folder 2 MacFarland - McNeill

Box 33 of 63

Folder 3 Madison - Mansker

Box 33 of 63

Folder 4 Manter, Harold W.

Box 33 of 63

Folder 5 Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom - Marrow

Box 33 of 63

Folder 6 Marsh, Charles Dwight, 1921-1933

Box 33 of 63

Folder 7 Marsh, Gordon - Maxon

Box 33 of 63

Folder 8 Mead - Meylan

Box 33 of 63

Folder 9 Miami Aquarium Association - Miller

Box 33 of 63

Folder 10 Mills, John W., 1925-1937

Box 33 of 63

Folder 11 Miner, Roy Waldo, 1921-1937

Box 33 of 63

Folder 12 Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing Co. - Mitchell, H. R.

Box 33 of 63

Box 34

Folder 1 Mitchell, Peter Chalmers, 1923-1934

Box 34 of 63

Folder 2 Mitman - Miyake

Box 34 of 63

Folder 3 Moberg - Moore, J. M.

Box 34 of 63

Folder 4 Moore, John Percy, 1921-1937

Box 34 of 63

Folder 5 Moreira, Carlos, 1921-1935

Box 34 of 63

Folder 6 Morgan - Mowbray

Box 34 of 63

Folder 7 Mueller - Museum of Comparative Zoology

Box 34 of 63

Folder 8 Myers, Frank Jacob - Myers, George Sprague

Box 34 of 63

Folder 9 Najera - New York Zoological Society

Box 34 of 63

Folder 10 Nichols - Nixon

Box 34 of 63

Folder 11 Noble - Nyberg

Box 34 of 63

Box 35

Folder 1 Oakite Products, Inc. - Okada

Box 35 of 63

Folder 2 Old - Olsson

Box 35 of 63

Folder 3 O'Malley - Ortmann

Box 35 of 63

Folder 4 Osburn, Raymond Carroll, 1925-1937

Box 35 of 63

Folder 5 Oshima - Ostman

Box 35 of 63

Folder 6 Pacific Coast Raw Film Co. - Palmer

Box 35 of 63

Folder 7 Palombi - Papworth

Box 35 of 63

Folder 8 Paramount Publix Corporation - Parks

Box 35 of 63

Folder 9 Parmenter - Pearbeoth

Box 35 of 63

Folder 10 Pearse, Arthur Sperry, 1921-1937

Box 35 of 63

Folder 11 Pearson - Penney

Box 35 of 63

Folder 12 Percival - Pflueger

Box 35 of 63

Box 36

Folder 1 Philadelphia - Pickering

Box 36 of 63

Folders 2-3 Pilsbry, Henry A., 1921-1936

Box 36 of 63

Folder 4 Ping - Pizzini

Box 36 of 63

Folder 5 Plumly - Poppenfuss

Box 36 of 63

Folder 6 Porter, Carlos E., 1921-1936

Box 36 of 63

Folder 7 Porterfield - Powers

Box 36 of 63

Folder 8 Prashad - Prytherch

Box 36 of 63

Folder 9 Publications, Bureau of Fisheries - Pyatakov

Box 36 of 63

Folder 10 Quadricolor Company - Quisenberry

Box 36 of 63

Folder 11 Racovitza - Rasor

Box 36 of 63

Box 37

Folder 1 Rathbun, Mary Jane, 1921-1937

Box 37 of 63

Folder 2 Ravenel, William de C., 1921-1932

Box 37 of 63

Folder 3 Ray - Remington Rand

Box 37 of 63

Folder 4 Requisitions, 1927

Box 37 of 63

Folder 5 Resettlement Administration - Richards, H. B.

Box 37 of 63

Folders 6-7 Richards, Horace Gardiner, 1928-1937

Box 37 of 63

Folder 8 Richardson - Rivero

Box 37 of 63

Folder 9 Robb - Rogers

Box 37 of 63

Folder 10 Rohlck - Royt

Box 37 of 63

Folder 11 Rucker - Ryerson

Box 37 of 63

Box 38

Folder 1 Sakai - Schellenberg

Box 38 of 63

Folder 2 Schenck, Herbert Gregory, 1926-1935

Box 38 of 63

Folder 3 Schevill - Schmidt

Box 38 of 63

Folder 4 Schmitt, Waldo LaSalle, 1927-1936

Box 38 of 63

Folder 5 Schnellbach - Schwartzmiller

Box 38 of 63

Folder 6 Schwarz, Herbert Ferlando, 1933-1937

Box 38 of 63

Folder 7 Science Press, The - Scullen

Box 38 of 63

Folder 8 Seale - Seidel

Box 38 of 63

Folder 9 Seifriz - Setzler

Box 38 of 63

Folder 10 Shannon - Sheppard

Box 38 of 63

Folder 11 Sherborn - Shoemaker & Busch

Box 38 of 63

Folder 12 Shoemaker, Clarence R., 1925-1936

Box 38 of 63

Folder 13 Shufeldt - Singer

Box 38 of 63

Folder 14 Sitler - Slevin

Box 38 of 63

Box 39

Folder 1 Smiley - Smith, E. R.

Box 39 of 63

Folders 2-3 Smith, Frank, 1921-1937

Box 39 of 63

Folder 4 Smith, Frederick - Sowerby

Box 39 of 63

Folder 5 Speight - Squibbs

Box 39 of 63

Folder 6 Staats-Newcomer - Steiner

Box 39 of 63

Folders 7-9 Stejneger, Leonhard, 1920-1927

Box 39 of 63

Box 40

Folders 1-7 Stejneger, Leonhard, 1928-1934

Box 40 of 63

Box 41

Folders 1-3 Stejneger, Leonhard, 1935-1937

Box 41 of 63

Folder 4 Stenzel - Sternberg

Box 41 of 63

Folder 5 Stevens, Belle Alice, 1923-1936, 1939, 1961-1962. Also contains correspondence of Patsy A. McLaughlin (1961-1962) concerning the Belle Alice Stevens collection of Shrimp and Calianassa.

Box 41 of 63

Folder 6 Stevenson - Steward

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Folder 7 Stickney - Stirling

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Folder 8 Stock - Stunkard

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Folder 9 Suavez - Swett

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Box 42

Folder 1 Tack - Taylor

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Folder 2 Taylor, William Randolph, 1926-1937

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Folder 3 Tee-Van - Terry

Box 42 of 63

Folder 4 Thalmann - Thomson

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Folder 5 Thone - Timonier

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Folder 6 Tocornal - Townsend

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Folder 7 Traffic Bureau - Traylor

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Folders 8-11 Treadwell, Aaron Louis, 1921-1937

Box 42 of 63

Folder 12 Trembly - True

Box 42 of 63

Folder 13 Truitt, Reginald Van Trump, 1921-1936

Box 42 of 63

Box 43

Folder 1 Tsang - Turtox

Box 43 of 63

Folder 2 Tweedie - Twenhofel

Box 43 of 63

Folder 3 Udden - Uphof

Box 43 of 63

Folder 4 Urita, C. Tomoye, 1921-1936

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Folder 5 Valentine - Van Loon

Box 43 of 63

Folder 6 Van Name, Willard G., 1921-1937

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Folder 7 Vanneman - Vareschi

Box 43 of 63

Folder 8 Vaughn, T. Wayland, 1924-1937

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Folder 9 Venezuela Gulf Oil Company - Verrill

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Folder 10 Victoria Memorial Museum - Von Ihering

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Box 44

Folder 1 Wade - Wagner

Box 44 of 63

Folder 2 Wailes, George Herbert, 1927-1935

Box 44 of 63

Folder 3 Wait - Walker

Box 44 of 63

Folder 4 Waller - Ward, Henry B.

Box 44 of 63

Folder 5 Ward, Melbourne, 1925-1937

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Folder 6 Warfel - Waverly Press

Box 44 of 63

Folder 7 Wearley - Welch

Box 44 of 63

Folder 8 Welden - Welsh

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Folder 9 Wenninger - Westwood

Box 44 of 63

Folders 10-13 Wetmore, Alexander, 1921-1937

Box 44 of 63

Folder 14 Weymouth - Whitney

Box 44 of 63

Box 45

Folder 1 Wickham - Wilson, C. P.

Box 45 of 63

Folders 2-6 Wilson, Charles Branch, 1922-1937

Box 45 of 63

Folder 7 Wilson, Henry Van Peters, 1921-1935

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Folder 8 Wilson, H. W. & Co. - Witten

Box 45 of 63

Folder 9 Wolf - Wust

Box 45 of 63

Folder 10 Yale University - Yu

Box 45 of 63

Folder 11 Zandt - Zetek

Box 45 of 63

Folder 12 Ziesenhenne, Fred, 1933-1937

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Folder 13 Zimmer, Carl, 1926-1937

Box 45 of 63

Folder 14 Zimmer, John T. - Zoological Society of London

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Series 5

CLARENCE R. SHOEMAKER CORRESPONDENCE, 1919-1958. ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY.

Clarence R. Shoemaker's (1874-1958) association with the Smithsonian Institution began in the early 1900s when he was appointed clerk in the Smithsonian's International Exchange Service. Having developed an interest in natural history at an early age, particularly the study of spiders, he was appointed scientific aide in the Division of Marine Invertebrates, USNM. He was promoted to assistant curator in 1921 and associate curator in 1942. Retiring in 1944, Shoemaker was given the honorary title of associate in zoology. Shoemaker's primary zoological interest was the study of amphipod crustaceans. This series consists of incoming and outgoing correspondence and is both professional and personal in nature. Most of the material concerns Shoemaker's study of amphipod crustaceans, the identification of specimens, and the exchange of publications. Lesser amounts concern the publication of monographs and Shoemaker's activities in scientific societies. Of special interest is correspondence with Ekie W. Sexton containing reports on German air attacks on England during World War II.

Box 46

Folder 1 Abbot - Atkinson

Box 46 of 63

Folder 2 Baer - Banks

Box 46 of 63

Folder 3 Barnard, J. Laurens, 1949-1958

Box 46 of 63

Folder 4 Barnard, Keppel H. - Benson

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Folder 5 Bick - Bonnet

Box 46 of 63

Folder 6 Bousfield, Edward Lloyd, 1949-1957

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Folder 7 Boyden - Burkenroad

Box 46 of 63

Folder 8 Caldwell - Campbell

Box 46 of 63

Folder 9 Canada, Biological Board of, 1923-1934

Box 46 of 63

Folder 10 Capital Transit Co. - Cavalieri

Box 46 of 63

Folder 11 Chace - Clemens

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Folder 12 Commerford - Crossland

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Folder 13 Dahl - Deshpande

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Folder 14 Diehl - Dunbar

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Box 47

Folder 1 Eastman - Eisenhart

Box 47 of 63

Folders 2-5 Ellis, T. Kenneth, 1939-1957

Box 47 of 63

Folder 6 Emerton - Frost

Box 47 of 63

Folder 7 Gander - Gurjanova

Box 47 of 63

Folder 8 Hancock Foundation, Allan - Henson

Box 47 of 63

Folder 9 Hobbs - Hubbs

Box 47 of 63

Folders 10-12 Hubricht, Leslie, 1935-1951

Box 47 of 63

Folder 13 Humes - Hurley

Box 47 of 63

Folder 14 Indrambarya - Johnson

Box 47 of 63

Box 48

Folder 1 Kansas State College of Agriculture - Krangther

Box 48 of 63

Folder 2 LaPoint - Livingstone

Box 48 of 63

Folder 3 Lochhead - Lynch

Box 48 of 63

Folder 4 McAtee - Martynov

Box 48 of 63

Folder 5 Medcof - Museum of Comparative Zoology

Box 48 of 63

Folder 6 National Academy of Sciences - Norton

Box 48 of 63

Folder 7 Oehser - Oregon State College

Box 48 of 63

Folder 8 Parish - Petrunkevitch

Box 48 of 63

Folder 9 Pietroski - Pizzini

Box 48 of 63

Folder 10 Porter - Prince

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Folder 11 Raffels Museum - Rawson

Box 48 of 63

Box 49

Folder 1 Reeside - Rhoades

Box 49 of 63

Folder 2 Richards - Riser

Box 49 of 63

Folder 3 Rogers - Ruffo

Box 49 of 63

Folder 4 Sanders - Scott

Box 49 of 63

Folder 5 Security - First National Bank of Los Angeles - Sexton

Box 49 of 63

Folder 6 Sheard - Spangler

Box 49 of 63

Folder 7 Stanford University - Swett

Box 49 of 63

Folder 8 Tattersall - Truitt

Box 49 of 63

Folder 9 Uhler - Visscher

Box 49 of 63

Folder 10 Wagler - Washington Academy of Sciences

Box 49 of 63

Folder 11 Webb - Wetzel

Box 49 of 63

Folder 12 Wherry - Who's Who

Box 49 of 63

Folder 13 Wienert - Wise

Box 49 of 63

Folder 14 WMAL - Zoological Society of London

Box 49 of 63

Series 6

MONTHLY AND ANNUAL REPORTS, 1881-1936. ARRANGED CHRONOLOGICALLY.

This series consists of monthly and annual reports prepared by the curator of the Division of Marine Invertebrates (prior to 1898, the Department of Marine Invertebrates).

Box 50

Monthly Reports, 1882-1883, 1885, 1890-1901

Box 50 of 63

Box 51

Annual Reports, 1881-1894

Box 51 of 63

Box 52

Annual Reports, 1894-1906

Box 52 of 63

Box 53

Annual Reports, 1906-1917

Box 53 of 63

Box 54

Annual Reports, 1917-1931, 1935-1936

Box 54 of 63

Series 7

INVOICES OF SPECIMENS RECEIVED, 1853-1914.

This series consists of bound volumes containing invoices of specimens received by the Division of Marine Invertebrates. Each volume is indexed alphabetically.

Box 55

Volume 1 Invoice of Specimens Received, 1853-1886

Box 55 of 63

Volume 2 Invoice of Specimens Received, 1887-1894

Box 55 of 63

Box 56

Volume 3 Invoice of Specimens Received, 1894-1896

Box 56 of 63

Volume 4 Invoice of Specimens Received, 1896-1908

Box 56 of 63

Box 57

Volume 5 Invoice of Specimens Received, 1908-1914

Box 57 of 63

Series 8

INVOICES OF SPECIMENS SENT OUT, 1878-1921.

This series consists of bound volumes containing invoices of specimens distributed by the Division of Marine Invertebrates. The first three volumes (boxes 59-60) are indexed in two ledgers found in box 58. This system was discontinued 15 January 1904, and after that date the volumes are renumbered using Roman numerals and indexed individually (except volume VIII). Volume VI, which was used exclusively for mollusks sent out by the Division of Marine Invertebrates, is missing from this series, having been transferred to the new Division of Mollusks, which was reorganized in 1921.

Box 58

Folders 1-2 Ledgers containing index to Invoices of Specimens Sent Out, 1878-1904 (volumes 1-3, box 58)

Box 58 of 63

Box 59

Volume 1 Invoice of Specimens Sent Out, 1878-1893

Box 59 of 63

Volume 2 Invoice of Specimens Sent Out, 1893-1901

Box 59 of 63

Box 60

Volume 3 Invoice of Specimens Sent Out, 1901-1904

Box 60 of 63

Volume I Invoice of Specimens Sent Out, November 18, 1904 - January 7, 1907

Box 60 of 63

Box 61

Volume II Invoice of Specimens Sent Out, January 14, 1907 - February 3, 1909

Box 61 of 63

Volume III Invoice of Specimens Sent Out, February 3, 1909 - June 20, 1911

Box 61 of 63

Volume IV Invoice of Specimens Sent Out, June 19, 1911 - May 10, 1913

Box 61 of 63

Box 62

Volume V Invoice of Specimens Sent Out, April 26, 1913 - February 16, 1916

Box 62 of 63

Volume VII Invoice of Specimens Sent Out, February 16, 1916 - June 23, 1919

Box 62 of 63

Volume VIII Invoice of Specimens Sent Out, July 24, 1919 - February 10, 1921

Box 62 of 63

Series 9

CATALOGUE OF DUPLICATE SPECIMENS, 1872-1881.

This series consists of a bound volume containing a record of duplicate specimens of marine invertebrates in the collections of USNM. Most of the records predate the official organization of the Department of Marine Invertebrates in 1880.

Box 63

Folder 1 Catalogue of Duplicate Specimens, 1872-1881.

Box 63 of 63

Series 10

HISTORICAL MATERIAL AND TYPESCRIPT, 1906 and 1932.

This series consists of a historical sketch of the Division of Marine Invertebrates by Richard Rathbun, 1906, and a typescript with handwritten corrections of "The Marine and Fresh-Water Sponges of California," by Max Walker de Laubenfels.

Box 63

Folder 2 Historical sketch of the Division of Marine Invertebrates by Richard Rathbun, 1906

Box 63 of 63

Folder 3 Typescript, with handwritten corrections of "The Marine and Fresh-Water Sponges of California," by Max Walker de Laubenfels. (Proceedings of the USNM, Vol. 81, No. 2927, 1932).

Box 63 of 63

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