Field notes : Arizona, 1879, 1930, includes notes by Charles Elmer Resser, Alexander Stoyanow, and Edwin D. McKee

3 June 1930 with A.A. Stoyanow Music Mountain west of Peach Springs, Arizona. The lower portion of the slope north of the road is granite. [[margin note to next paragraph:]] Tapeats Lying on the granite is about feet of quartzitie sandstones, cross-bedded, usually purple or purple streaked. In other words the usual Cambian basal quartzite. [[margin note to next paragraph:]] Bright Angel This grades up into a thin series of typical Bright Angel shale. micaceous, brightly colored with perhaps a bit more sandstone layers and perhaps also lime. [[margin note to next paragraph:]] Muav This shale grades upwards into Muav limestone which here attains a thickness of 800 - 1000 '. Compared with the Grand Canyon, the main difference noted, in general, was the true motteling rather than rubbly structure. The mottles are yellow sandy patches, either in the form of [[underlined]] Girvanellas [[/underlined]] blotches or worm tubes. Some of this bed resembles the wormy Eldon Y. B. C. except that the "tubes" (irregular) are yellow and not

Music Mt. (con't) White. Much [[underline]] Girvanella [[/underline]] occurs here. It is a little larger than is usual for the M. [[strikethrough]] C [[/strikethrough]]. type, but otherwise quite similar. Trilobite fragments (unidentifiable) occur in the lower Muav as in the sandy layers of the underlying Bright Angel Devonian follows. [Dr. Stoyanow has measured section]

5 June with A.A. Stoyanow East of Del Rio, Arizona. On the edge of the plateau at this place, the granite is exposed, overlain by a sandstone like the Tapeats but which is succeeded by Devonian limestone. A little to the north of this first locality, a thick series of Metamorphosed quartzites intervenes between the granite and the Devonian sandstone.

Algae in Chuar series. Nankoweap. [[margin]] Lowest Exposed. [[/margin]] Simply crinkly bedding. Up to several feet in thickness. [[margin]] Vase form. [[/margin]] Occurs above white, strongly crosbedded coarse [[strikethrough]] ref [[/strikethrough]] sandstone. Forms layer perhaps 10' thick over whose rounded masses the overlying shale is laid in sharp folds. In the lower part of the formation the individual colonies are small rather irregular cylinders which sometimes bend rather sharply. These cylinders show the regular Cryptozoan structure and widen a little as they grow. Taken together they form large masses that are described below. In the upper part of the bed the small cylinders give way to large rounded heads. Both the cylinders and large heads combine to form huge vase-shaped masses. Usually the base is narrower that a regular flare would require. [[image - a sketch of a vase shape, wider at the top and narrow at the bottom. The top is labelled 6'-8' and the height is labelled 10']] Walcott makes a good drawing in his notebook. Sample of the small tubes taken.

Alga (Chuar) con. [[margin]] Upper zones. [[/margin]] Irregular broken, usually blackened algae. Some appear to have been turned over by the waves. Above this zone there is an ovlite layer that is usually altered to black cheit. The ovlite Topmost limestone has very little algae. All are indefinite and broken.

[[margin]] 19 June 1930 with E. D. McKee [[/margin]] Kaibab Trail. Above Poirev house. Tapeats typical in character and thickness

[[margin]] 24 May 1930. with A A Stoyanow [[/margin]] Nankoweap Creek. Lower Portion [Box canyon above Colorado R.] Beds tilted toward river at about the same angle as the stream grade, in consequence the creek flows in the Muav almost all the way. Just above the box canyon on the west side the Muav is faulted against the Tapeats - [[image - sketch showing relation of Muav to Tapeats]] at x in a thin sandy layer I got fossils- [[underlined]] Dorypyge [[/underlined]]. Dr. Stoyanow and I agreed, after considerable search that these are actually in the Muav, which therefor proves conclusively that this formation is Middle Cambrian as we had previously deduced on theoretic grounds.

Recent Algal deposits in Nankoweap Canyon. Gravel and sand along stream either above or below the water level is cemented. # Below camp in side canyon a seep is depositing much lime. # At camp springs are depositing lime. White spongy type with leaves and stems enclosed. # Elsewhere where water first issues tufa usually occurs.

[[Front cover]] Arizona [[underlined]] Grand Canyon [[/underlined]] Walcott 1879

[[strikethrough]] Br 8900 [[/strikethrough]] 8375 [[underlined]] Chas D Walcott [[/underlined]] [[underlined]] U.S. Geological Survey. [[/underlined]] [[upside down]]66oo [[underlined]] 4950 [[/underlined]] [[underlined]] 1650 [[/underlined]][[/upside down]] [[upside down]][[underlined]] 8675 [[/underlined]][[/upside down]] [[end page]] [[start page]] #[[552-80?]] Notice strata at summit of carboniferous, also character of bedding thro' out same.

[[blank page]] [[end page]] [[start page]] [[faint penciled line runs diagonally towards lower right of page through writing]] Aug 12" 79. 1 Ascended hill directly west of Kanab. At 200 feet (Aneroid) above the level of the stream found small shells in ^ [[insertion]] brownish [[/insertion]] red sandstone and 25 feet above ichthyic remains [[strikeout]],[[/strikeout]] teeth & scales evidently of two species. spent the afternoon searching for them. Aug 13. Hills 5 miles S of Kanab. (1) Brown soft shale, crumble Gypsiferous resting on lavender colmid [[insert from below]] shales [[/insert]] 90 feet 3. Massive layers, sep by fissile shale, & an exposure breaking into thin shales [[insert above]] chocolate [[/insert]] [[strikethrough]]brown [[/strikethrough]] 50 feet 3. massive Redish brown shale 30 feet

2 light colored sandstone. partially conglomerate in places with silicified wood 50 feet. This is overlaid by a [[red?]] sandstone similar to the red band of sands[[?]] beneath. Thickness - 20 feet to summit of hill. [[strikethrough]] [[?]] [[/strikethrough]] (section continued on pg 6) From the summit of the [[?]] of conglomerate, capped with brown sandstone, [[?]] out from the east side of the Kanab valley 4 miles below the town. The strata of the Vermillion Cliffs - rise one above the other to the east + west of the canon. [[image - pencil drawing of the cliffs]] The Shinarump cong rises slowly towards the east + is entirely (nearly) [[strikethrough]] [[?]] [[/strikethrough]] lost in the hills a few miles back from its valley to the west it passes beneath the [[brown?]] [[end page]] [[start page]] [[underlined]] sandstone. [[/underlined]] (3) The Conglomerate consists largely of a course sand, unevenly bedded with small quartz pebbles scattered through it irregularly, with an occasional thin stratum of ^[[small]] pebbles, from [[2 in?]] to 1 foot in thickness. The silicified wood appears to have been silicified and broken before being imbedded in the sand. Some fragments are rolled [[?]] ( while others evidently [[?]] [[broken?]] + [[?]] imbedded) Found one mass of sandstone 6 x 5 ft [[?]] which there was a pile of silicified wood [[embedded?]] in the sand + Conglomerate fragments 15th in diamet + 2 feet long + other small + broken all water worn + rolled. Dip of Conglomerate [[leds?]] N. 175[[degrees sign]] " of Vermilion Clifs " "

4 [[image - pencil drawing of cross section showing strata of canyon]] Section across [[Cany?]] 4 miles below Kanab. [[image - pencil drawing of cross section of Kanab stream]] [[image - pencil drawing of landscape]] Line of fault 25˚ W of N. [[curved line]] Section 1. [[end page]] [[start page]] (5) the conglomerate gradually rises toward the west until a break is met with on the east side of the valley this results from denudation The strata are nearly horizontal at (a) & bend slightly toward the west at (b). At (c) there is an abrup break & [[douthow?]] to the W of 125 feet between (b) & (d). The line of the fault could not be accurately determined but it is not far from 25˚ W of N. [[Image - pencil drawing of the conglomerate and strata as described in the text]]

Con of section (6) from page(2) [[diagonal line marked through page]] For a distance of two miles directly north across the valley the strata are buried beneath sand & decomposed rock (shaly sandstone & gypsiferous marles. Began measurements with Locks level at first appearance of banded marls (decomposed, in long low foothill running south from 3 [[overwritten]] st [[/overwritten]] Cliff (Headland) w of Kanab canon. To the base of the cliff the strata are composed of slate, dark purplish brown, greenish & blueish - green colored gypsiferous marles which [[insertion]] A. B. 5425 30 + 40 + 51 + 75 + 57 + 98 [[/insertion]] have decomposed & formed low rounded foothills [[strikethrough]] are [[/strikethrough]] on the cliffs or else stretch out as a level plain to the conglomerate. The marles are variegated in color and contain both nodules [[insertion]] of [[?]] [[/insertion]] & layers of nearly pure gypsum. Thickness of measured section 350 feet. The base I have taken for the Vermilion Cliff Gp is a band of sandstone, the lower portion [[/diagonal line marked through page]] [[end page]] [[start page]] (7) subtraction: 5850 5375 ---- .75 [[diagonal line marked through page]] light colored [[strikethrough]] (of?) the [[/strikethrough]] (2 feet) overlaid by [[strikethrough]] the [[/strikethrough]] redish - brown sandstone. The layers are from 2 to 7 feet in thickness, total thickness of stratum [[insertion]] B - 5775 [[/insertion]] 20 feet Succeeding this there is a mixed mass of marles, sand shales and layers of soft [[overwritten]] [[?]] [[/overwritten]] white & redish - brown sandstone (Total) 70 feet. This is succeeded by a mass of R. B. Rd, which is soft & easily disintegrated, numerous thin [[partings?]] of shale & marl break it into layers of from 1 to 6 feet in thickness. (Total [[underlined]] 120 [[/underlined]] feet ([[strikethrough]] An) 120 [[/strikethrough]] Total to base of fish beds Locks leve 210 Aneroid 200 + [[line]] An 5975 The upper portion of these red beds are more compact & thicker. The the lower 150 feet of the above 210 are nothing but passage beds to the vermillion Cliff from the Shinarump Gp. [[/diagonal line marked through page]]

8 [[diagonal line marked through page]] At this point there are 3 light sandy layers with shaly (4 feet) [[parting?]] & then 6 feet of fine argillaceous & sandy shales they vary in color from lead through brown to red with fillets of greenish color. As yet this portion has present but a few fish scales. This bed is separated from a somewhat similar one above by a narrow band of fine light colored sandstone varying from 2 to 4 feet in thickness. The entire band varying from 20 to 25 feet in thickness. This band is strongly defined on all the prominent headland jutting out from the main cliff [[strikethrough]] & appearing [[/strikethrough]] resembling a stripped ribbon on the face of the red sandstone wall. As the massive strata above & below frequently [[diagonal line marked through page]] [[end page]] [[start page]] 9 [[diagonal line marked through page]] present a bold escarpment. It is also of unusual interesting as to the present time it has afforded more fossils than any other stratum & also the first above the [[?]] conglomerate. (25 feet. Massive bright (colored) brown layers. 50 feet) The cliff is again divided by bands of [[strikethrough]] clay [[/strikethrough]] argillaceous shale and thin beds of sandstone. This bed varies in thickness at the point crossed by the section it is (fish bed) 25 feet This is succeed by bedded sandstone varying in shades of red & light colored stranded [[good guess?]] exteriorly by the red color washing from above. The layers are irregular in thickness & contain thin [[partings?]] of softer rock with fragments of wood [[end page]]

[[start page]] (10) (50+ [[diagonal line marked through page]] etc. [[Soalithus?]] formings also penetrate the beds in many places, where especially abundant the rock is often of a yellowish cast. Thin beds of conglomerate occur but not of importance. To the summit of the first white capped cliff above the second fish [[bone?]] bed. [[Blank space]] 230+ This level is the one on which the signal tower on [[erasure]] first [[/erasure]] headland East of Havor is built. It marks a readily recognized horizon & devide the lower partition of the group from the more underrated beds above [[end page]] [[start page]] (11 An 6175 Ang 18" section of beds above conglomerate 5 [[underlined]] mi [[/underlined]] w of Kanob. Did not make section here as there [[heaRsneously?]] as great as [[strikethrough]] the are those [[/strikethrough]] section taken E of Kanob. 9 [[underlined]] mi [[/underlined]] W.S.W of Kanob a fault breaks the line of Cliffs. The western cliff terminating in a somewhat bold escarpment. The intervale between the cliffs w to the hills is cut out in a shallow valley rising rabidly to the north. [[image - pencil drawing of ravine between two cliffs with W and E marked and lines of soil color demarcated, white, red, white, red, red, fish bed (a)]] The bluff on the east side rises a very little towards the W edge. The Fish bone bed as readily seen on each about 1 1/2 miles distant. On the west side it has a dip of [[strikethrough]] about [[/strikethrough]] 5° to the S. W. [[end page]] [[diagonal line marked through page]]

[[start page]](12)(Aug 23d) Continuation of section from page 10 The light gray red caps [[strikethrough]] of this horizon [[/strikethrough]] a ledge of redish sand about 20 feet thick. It is a persistent feature in all the cliffs about Kanab and may be seen up the valley for two miles where it disappears owing to the dip and the rise in the bed of the valley. The section is taken up, two miles above Kanab, just above the grist mill. The strike of the strata appear to be a little s of west (20 degrees) the dip 1.75 degrees n. Above this rests 180 feet of dark red sandstone with thick layers alternating with shales [[strikethrough]] readily [[/strikethrough]] disintegrating. Ripple marks indicate a shallow water during formation. The lighter colored sandstone commences to predominate [[end page]] [[start page]](13) above this and persuing the same rule as at the base of the dip [[?]]. When the character of the succeeding dimension commence to predominate, the line of seperation between the vermillion and white cliff divisions of the [blank]? group is placed here. 25 feet of evenly bedded sandrock (light colored) followed by a massive layer of light gray to redish sandstone which is slightly cross-bedded. This is a strong & well indicated horizon all along the cliffs at Kanab & up the canan for 2 1/2 miles. [[underlined]] white cliff [[?]] [[/underlined]] Evenly bedded light colored redish sand [[strikethrough]]with[[/strikethrough]] 20 feet Massive structure partially cross bedded [[blank]] 20 feet massive cross-bedded light gray with occasional redish beds [[end page]]

14 irregularly intercalated 3[[strikethrough 4[[strikethrough]]0 feet The upper portion of this mass consists of a light colored [[strikethrough]]friable[[/strikethrough]] sandstone (easily disintegrated) There are some beautiful illustrations of cross-bedding in this upper portion, especially the curving lines crossing obliquely across the [[??]] strata. [[illustrations of geological formations and strata]] [[line drawn under illustrations]] Saw evidence of coarse [[pricords?]] in the lower portion. Above this there is a dark red sandstone + friable shale intercolate. This is seen for a long distance in the canan between the lighter colored sandstones above & below. Thickness 120 feet The upper portion is more [[indicated?]] & of a lighter shaded red [[end page]] [[start page]] (15) A view of the west cliff at the mouth of the Kanab Canon Vermillion Cliffs. Presents the following outline. [[image]] [[text within image starting from top]] red sandstone light gray crossbedded [[top?]] of [[vermilion?]] Gh [[strikethrough]] [[top?]] of vermilion gh.[[/strikethrough]] [[?]] fish bed The white sandstone is devided into six principal beds by subhorizontal [[partingings?]] of more indurated shaly sandstone, which separate the crossbedded massive layers. The latter are not of uniform thickness at all places, varying from 30 to 60 feet but the divisions are readily seen on all [[minal?]] cliffs. Aug 27th [end page]

(16) tracing the red bed in the main canon & also in many of the lateral canons it is seen to be a uniformly bedded deposit A number of thick layers alternate with the shaly beds until towards the summit where the thick beds are indivated & present a strong dark brown colored band beneath a [[strikethrough]] deposit [[/strikethrough]] [[insertion from below]] (horizontal) [[/insertion]]striation of lighter colored gray sandstone which is succeeded by curved and twisted layers and then by the crossbedded sandstone. This red bed is a result of the continuation of the conditions which formed the red beds of the Shinarump & vermillion cliff [[ly hs?]] In the Kanab and lateral canons it is usually capped with a layer of calciferous sandstone. All the strong springs of the canon are from [[end page]] [[start page]] 17 [[?]] from this horizon. Continuation of section above red bed. Aug 28" 79, the red bed is [[strikethrough]] succeed [[/strikethrough]] capped by an evenly deposited layer of fine grained dark red sd. usually streaked with white from the cliffs above. The upper surface of this stratum presented the following aspect when exposed on a freshly broken surface. [[image]] [[text in image starting from the top]] At other places it is seen white sd on lighter buff dark red The two beds are closely & [[?ly?]] [[unitid?]] showing that the white sand followed the red without [[strikethrough]]a lapse [[/strikethrough]] an interval of time. The buff bed is succeeded by a mass of beautifully banded vermilion and buff sds. Cross and evenly bedded. Next comes a great mass of redish & [[?]] [[?]] sds.

18 They extend to to the vermilion colored beds here [[at?]] the white cliffs. [[strikethrough]] They are [[/strikethrough]] It is composed of several thick bands devided by horizontal [[strikethrough]] surfaces [[/strikethrough]] lines separating it into beds of from 25 to 100 feet [[insertion]] in thickness. [[/insertion]] The beds are composed of unevenly bedded layers of from 1/8 to 1 in thickness. The [[thinest?]] layers predominating. Occasionaly a thicker layer (4 in to 12) feet occurs but it is usually irregular and of [[little? (written over slight/small?)]] horizontal extent. At various places in the strata, usually near the summit of one of the crossbedded bands the layers & curved & twisted, giving a gnarled and knotted appearance. The [[finest?]] examples [[and?]] seen when it appeared as though[[strikethrough]]t[[/strikethrough]] the hollows [[strikethrough]]had[[/strikethrough]] [[end page]] [[start page]] 19 of an uneven seabed had been filled up and leveled off to make way for the floor for the succeeding stratum. Thickness of beds from [[underlined]] red [[/underlined]] bed to vermilion beds a base of great white cliff stratum. [[strikethrough]] 420 [[/strikethrough]] 300 to vermilion bed in flat [[on side math that reads [[strikethrough]] 420 [[/strikethrough]] 300 + 700 = [[strikethrough]] 1120 [[/strikethrough]] 1000]] To base of white sd in cliff The bluff, gray and redish brown layers are intermingled & also deposited in irregular bands. The deep red and vermillion beds predominate towards the summit of the mass. 350 feet above the [[strikethrough]] base [[/strikethrough]] red bed. [[image - layers showing bands]] [[weathering?]] [[image]]

20 The ^ [[insertion]] 5 to [[/insertion]] 700 feet of strata crossing the intervals between the headwaters of Kanab creek (springs below White Cliffs) is c. b. sd. red, brownish red, vermilion with an occasional fillet of white. The upper portion merges into the white cliff sd by an irregular line of contact & union. The change is in the color. The upper 400 feet is mostly of a vermilian hue & is a soft easily disintegralia sd. [[?]] low, foothills below the cliffs. The [[insertion]] white [[/insertion]] cliffs all present a normal surface to the south and large masses are separated as buttes. Above the vermilion bed, which is a somewhat fluctuating horizon the true light gray or white cliff towers of [[end page]] [[start page]] 21 [[crossed out]]massive light colored divided into five principal beds each consisting of five crossbeds 575 feet. Capping sandstone of a redish hue. 100 feet. upon this rests a limestone containing fossils. Notes of white cliff sandstones. [[/crossed out]]

22 [[end page]] [[start page]] 23 [[underlined]] Copied [[/underlined]] Section II. Upper Kanab. Buff Sandstones etc directly west of Pink Cliffs. (1) Buff sandstones (hard) alternating with clays or marle. a. marle & sandstone hard and not readily disintegrating [[strikethrough]] 25 [[/strikethrough]] 30 feet b. Hard buff sand 20 " c. alternating bands of [[strikethrough]] marl [[/strikethrough]]on clay (weathering purple lead color & white or light gray) & buff sandstone 140, At this point found fresh water shells in a bed of light clay. To heavy bedded buff sd [[underlined]] 30 [[/underlined]] 170. d. Heavy beds of buff sd. 30. with fossils shells & plants.

24 e Light layer of sd and 60 clay [[strikethrough]] 50 [[/strikethrough]] [[strikethrough]] 50 [[/strikethrough]] f Heavy bedded buff sd with fossils 125 feet. The fossils occur in a calciferous sd which occurs in a somewhat irregular beds near the summit of the mass and also again 50 or 60 feet above the clay bed beneath. Thickness to clay bed g 155 feet g An irregular bed of clay + fine buff sd. Clay lead color contains fossils Plants remain 10 feet h massive buff sd 8 i Clay + sd as h)layers containing leaves, ferns + a few shells at base in dark clay 12 " [[end page]] [[start page]] j. Massive sand buff 15 k. Soft fine sand with purplish clay beneath. Holding fossils 30 l Massive buff sd with one partially of clay 25 m. White sands with bed of fine conglomerate near the summit 170 (Not in yet) The section down to the white sand + conglomerate is an alternation of buff sandstones with clay bands. Occasional calciferous layers, persistent only for short distance, still seen on the same horizons at different localities are met with holding fossils Fossils also occur in the sandy layers but are

26 usually in poor condition and liable to be broken in getting things out. The [[strikethrough]]sd[[/strikethrough]] mix being of fine yellow sand & clay is the best matrix for shells etc. The bluish or lead colored clay weathers to a light drab & stains the cliffs [[strikethrough]]that[[/strikethrough]] below. The conglomerate at the summit of M is from 15 to 20 feet in thickness & persistent as far as [[strikethrough]]yet[[/strikethrough]]examination has yet been made. The light gray or white sand disintegrates easily and has carved the cliff back so that the expanse of the upper rocks is but a narrow ridge S of the devide. [[end page]] [[start page]] 27 (n) At the base of the white sand there is a heavy [[insertion]] iron stained plank [[/insertion]] buff shale 15 to 25 feet [[strikethrough]]feet[[/strikethrough]] followed by alternating [[overwritten]]clays[[/overwritten]] sands and clays for a long distance. The clays have undermined the sands & rendered an accurate division of each impracticable. Buffs ands thick bead with marlsen clay parting 3 to 15 feet in thickness Fossil -- leaves & vegetable remains are scattered through the sandstones, leaves were taken at 375 feet below white sandstone (marked N 375.) (500 [[topain?]] of west hills) Below the 500 foot level the rock becomes more shaly for the succeeding 250 feet. A heavy yellowish or sandy buff stratum, partially crossbedded here occurs 50 foot

28 [[circled]] [[?]] [[/circled]] Below white sd - 800. This is followed by a coarse sd yellow iron stained in narrow bands & below white or b gray. a few pebbles are scattered in the coarse upper sand . 75 The disintegration of the white sand leaves an escarpment below which is prominent in all the hillsides. It is the top of the Astrea bed. The upper sandy shales (10 feet of [[?]]) contain few shells below a small species is found with a few of the narrower elongate forms & also lamellihamelicites. gasteropods etc. 25 feet. The Astrea bed yellow sand filled in places with the shells lies below. 40 feet. 75 [[end page]] [[start page]] 29 The central portion is a soft yellow sd & in the elongate Astrea is so thickly placed (mouth up) that the shells touch each in in great masses This bed is from 2 to 6 feet in thickness & persistent as far as yet examined. Exaggra - was seen lower in the bed but was not seen with the elongate form. A curious commingling of fossils occurs in the 40 foot bed. (see collections). Note on (M) Sept 27 '79 Copied to this page (Sect II) Above the Astrea bed there is a bed of bituminous shale with a few thin seams of coal This [[passes?]] up within any shale & then in soft white sandstone.

30 [[Sink?]] valley [[Camp?]] Sept 15th 7 a.m. 7550 a 9200 Base of [[?]] b. 9150 base of b c 8875 175 base of c d. Adding [[each?]] 30 to 8875 = 8975 8850 - 8850 125 [[height?]] + 25 150 e.8850 8575 - 275 +25 = 300 [[West?]] hill 8600 f. Top of hill, base of [[f.?]] 1/2 mile south 86[[25?]][[est?]] Lime with strata in hill next east 8125. Top of [[Heavyford?]][[Heavy land?]] of Buffs sd 7925+ [[?]] 150 700 150 850+ 7925 [[end page]] [[start page]] Sect 3 III Section north of Clarkston Sept 15.1879. Pink limestone Sandstone grayish colored pink by wash from limestone conglomerate at base 50 feet. a [[line]] 50 Indurated sandstone yellowish [[brown?]] 15 b light colored sandstone [[alternating?]] with [[parting?]][[portion?]] of [[lead?]] and purplish colored clay [[?]] 150 c. Buff sd. Massive in layers and also shaly midway with slight frontings of [[?]]. 175 d. Massive buff sd 25 feet underlaid by buff sds to thin bed of [[?]] [[?]] at intervals 50. e Buff sd with calciferous stratum carrying fossils. 60.

[[start page]] [[text behind insert on page 30]] 30 strata below Astrea bed on Sink Valley side q Massive sd followed by clay etc. Did not continue in sink valley but went 3 miles east. [[just beneath edge of folded insert is the number 7925]] [[end of text behind insert]] [[end page]] [[start right page]] [[repeat of text from previous image]] [[end right page]]

32 Below this there is a succession of massive buff sds with clay partially denoted by weathered clay on sloping outcrops on hill side to a massive buff and stratum 25 feet thick which rest immediately above a fine conglomerate of white sandstone. 300. f. The white sandstone with the fine conglomerate at 150 the base extends down to a heavy dark buff layer 140 Below this there is a succession of buff sds with a few clay beds the lower central fraction is more shaly & below a white coarse sandstone occurs. 860 [[end page]] [[start page]] 33 g. At (g) a yellow sand contains an elongated form of Astrea. Numerous shells occur in a layer above & below. 40 [[strikethrough]]h.. Massive buff sd [[/strikethrough]] One half mile south the [[strikethrough]] i [[strikethrough]] same bed is without fossils. It has the same lithological character but along an outcrop of 2 miles no fossils were seen. h [[strikethrough]] i [[strikethrough]] Massive buff sandstone 50 i. Soft sandy layers passing into [[Cretaceous?]] shale & thence into argillaceous shale with a semi bituminous argillaceous shale with [[concretionary?]] nodules near the [[strikethrough ? ]] base. 785 feet [end page]

34 J. Red shale breaking into angular fragments 10 feet [[strikethrough]] K. The red shale contains[[/strikethrough]] Soft sandstone. buff with an intercalated mass of brecciated red shale in a matrix of intrusive volcanic matter. The shale is broken and is embedded in the scoracious lava at all angles and in every shape. The mass is ten feet thick in places. Section below not taken. Comparatively few fossils were seen in the line of this section both the Astrea bed & the red shale were devoid of fossils with slight exception. [[end page]] [[start page]] 35 Note on strata above Astrea bed Above the massive sandstone of the Astrea bed there is on the exposures north of [[lela?]]stone an argillaceous shale with a band of dark brown shale six feet from the base which contains crystals of selenite and fossil shells. a bitumininous shale occurs above it and then an argillaceous shale passing in arenaceous & that to a thick band of sandstone 50. 100 feet Nearly the same [[?]] occurs above the Astrea bed in the Kanab Canon. Examined on another outcrop. Sept 27" 1879.

36 [[end page]] [[start page]] 37

38 [[line diagonally across page]] Section on east side of sink valley [[contained?]] across from west side. Top of Jurassic limestone 1 Red marl with conglomerate [[strikethrough]] 160 200 [[/strikethrough]] 150 feet 2 Gypsum. White nearly solid mass 30 3 Conglomerate followed by red marl [[strikethrough]]250[[/strikethrough]] 200 [[strikethrough]]235[[/strikethrough]] [[strikethrough]] 4 white colored marl [/strikethrough]] 280 over 380 line 70 ^[[inserted in margin - changed in field on account of error in observations when going up section]] 5 Brown shale 2 feet 4-x 9/10 sand (all shale) 6 Cream arenaceus marl - [[strikethrough]]150[[/strikethrough]] 275 7 White sand streaked with lt yellow [[strikethrough]] [[45?]] [[/strikethrough]] [[75?]] This is capped by a stratum of conglomerate of varying [[end page]] [[start page]] 39 [[line diagonally across page]] thickness. In a distance of 100 feet it changes from a thickness of 1 foot to six. The sandstone immediately overlying it [[?]] at sink valley may be present as a ten foot band of light buff sandstone or solid layer or broken up in several thin layers all not three feet thick. a few yards away, [[vertically?]] absent is in the Kanab Valley side just below [[?]] old place. The strata above are also very variable. The coal seams are not at all persistent and the sandstone vary very much in thickness. No 7 is a variable bed. The marls beneath are [[?]] persistent & uniform along long lines of outcrop. [[Frank?]] my [[peasant?]] [[?]] I should place all the marls in the [[end page]]

40 [[line diagonally across page]] cretaceous restricting the jurassic to the 215 feet of limestone and sandstone [[end page]] [[start page]] [[line diagonally across page]] 41 [[underline]]Jurassic[[/underline]] Head of Cavern in white cliffs. Summit of white cliff sandstone. a. Buff in cream colored fine grained 20 ^calciferous sd.^ evenly bedded in layers from [[?]] to 2 feet in thickness. [[strikethrough]] Rippled [[? an offset]] [[/strikethrough] and resting on coarse cross - - bedded light gray sd. [[strikethrough]] 35 [[/strikethrough]] 40 b shaly layers sd. [[strikethrough]] 60 [[/strikethrough]] 65 c Limestone band 10 d Shale sandy 50 shaly ^& massive^ sandy layers 25 e. cream colored limestone with fossils 25 f. Red gypsiferous marl [[strikethrough]] 25 [[/strikethrough]] 50 see pg 39 g [[Coarse?]] conglomerate formed of [[strikethrough]] the [[/strikethrough]] fragments

42 sanded, rolled sandstone, limestone, silicious pebbles etc. principal calcareus [[inserted: silicified wood,]] [[?]] with some sands 115 h. Bed of gypsum with marl gypsum in thick layer 30 i. [[Law?]] redish marl hills [[inserted]] all marl in places [[/inserted]] with remains of conglomerate on the sides indicating decomposed conglomerate 200. [[in margin]] white below sd for 10 to 20 feet [[/in margin]] j. Arenaceous gypsiferous marl cream colored. banded with red & greenish arenaceous bands. Capped with a yellow in buff sd 325 k. The sand is about 2 feet in thickness & holds leaves etc. this is followed by a band of clay, dark [[end of page]] [[start of page]] 43 from contained vegetable matter & weathering to a [[strikethrough]] purplish [[/strikethrough]] purplish hue 40 feet k 1. Another band of yellow sand followed by light colored [[strikethrough]] sand [[/strikethrough]] arenaceous clay with a dark band of clay no coal found. 20 [[in margins]] [[?]] on [[underline]]East side[[/underline]] [[end margin]] k 2 [[strikethrough]] Yell.. [[/strikethrough]] Drab sandstone weathering white with a dark argillaceous shale with a band of impure lignitic coal, with shaly [[paintings? partings?]] 4 feet thick succeeded by a [[?]] mass of partially carbonized vegetable matter. 25. k 3 yellow irregularly laminated band of sandstone 3 feet followed by arenaceous clay band, dark weathering [[drab?]] 25 [[end page]]

44 [[diagonal line through entire page]] l. massive partially [[c.b.?]] buff sandstone below more evenly bedded centrally & hard calciferous layers very irregular above. Contains leaves etc. [[strikethrough]] 45 [[/strikethrough]] Shaly dark brown [[partings?]] with a thin seam of dark shale occurs near the upper parts in between the thick layers of sd. 45. m. Argillaceous shales. Hardening into layers of from 2 to 8 in thickness, breaking in angular fragments. Containing shells etc. 30 feet from summit of his bed there is a seam of coal 3 feet thick & 6 feet below another of 4 feet. Clay shale beneath each. [[To?]] next buff sd. [[strikethrough]] 60 60 [[/strikethrough]]60 [[end of page]] [[diagonal line through entire page]] [[start of page]] 45 [[diagonal line through entire page]] n. 12 [[any?]] buff sd soft near base & more [[indurated?]] above. [[seblithic?]] [[burning?]] occur in this [[lava?]] portion. The upper layer is a dark yellow, This [[top?]] of hill covered with volcanic matter. To top of sd 25 [[strikethrough]] 30 [[/strikethrough]] [[strikethrough]] 40 [[/strikethrough]] O. 10 feet of bituminous shale followed by a light colored sandstone holding numerous fossils 20 feet. Up to the present examination of over 5 miles of outcrop on the Sink & [[Karabi?]] vallies. There is here a scoriaceous layer of volcanic matter which follows the line of red shale which holds some fossils as in sand below. This is succeeded by a white sandstone in thick [[end of page]] [[in margin]] The intrusive volcanic matter [[scratched out]] occurs in the same position as the East side of [[Sink?]] valley. [[end of margin]] [[diagonal line through entire page]]

46 [[strikethrough]] j [[/strikethrough]] irregular layers 20 feet. 50 h [[overwritten]]p[[/overwritten]] Bituminous argillaceous shale with [[carcintoxicity?]] nodules containing ammonites, [[Baculites?]], etc. etc, small [[exogenous?]] in [[astr...?]] 80 q: 15 feet of drab colored gypsiferous marl followed by 90 feet of soft yellow sandy shale which is capped with harder sandstone at top 105 Note. p is more argillaceous than bituminous. The nodules containing the fossils vary from [[3?]] in to 2 feet in diameter & are usually flattened. They occur about 20 feet from the base above there is another stratum of nodules of a more crystaline character with but few [[conta...id?]] fossils. [[end page]] [[start page]] .47 The sandy shale continues across the low flat [[delineating?]] the south & north sides of the road leading from Kanab to Sink valleys and is again taken up in the foothills on slopes of the hills to the [[north?]] Concealed partially, soft sand shales & arenaeceous clays [[strikethrough]] 1a. [[/strikethrough]] 150 feet. (Estimate.) 75 feet of arenaceous shales & then there is [[strikethrough]]475 feet of[[strikethrough]] 200 feet of drab colored argillaceous shale followed by 275 feet of arenaceous shale with argillaceous bands the whole marked by fragments of vegetable matter & in places slightly gypsiferous. The upper portion[[?]] changes in a [[?]] sandy shale with a drab clay on top 705. [[end page]]

48 [[line diagonally across page]] R. Massive buff sand underlaying [[?]] bed 50 Note for O. On the [[sink?]] valley side there is a [[strikethrough]] layer [[/strikethrough]] stratum of soft coal 4 to 6 feet thick beneath the sandstone in the bitiminous shale. It was also seen in a [[raimo?]] on the Kanob side above [[Dilen?]] old place. Note on fr. The nodules with fossils were found at the same geological horizon in the [[Sink?]] Valley side. When exposed to the weather the nodules break open in many [[pieces?]] leaving a soft [[center?]]. The small [[feccratia?]] fragments cover the ground on many small knolls or hills. [[end page]] [[start page]] 49 [[line diagonally across page]] [[above lined area]] Partial [[section?]] of [[lava?]] coal bed. Sink valley [[start of lined area]] side resting on white sandstone which passes down into [[arenaceous?]] clays etc. a 1. Buff sand 2 2. Bitiminous shale 30 3. Sandstone 2 4. Anenaceous shale 20 5. [[Dark?]] [[bitsi?]] shale 12 6. Clay bed 3 7. Coal seams. Dark [[?]]. [[strikethrough]] Light Bitimineous [[/strikethrough]] Dark [[lignitic?]] coal or [[?]] [[up?]] into brown lignite 9 8. Clay shale brown to [[?]] 11

[[line diagonally across page]] 9 Sandstone 1 10 Arenaceous Clay 23 11. Shale 5 12. Gypsiferous Clay 23 13. Coal 1.5 14. An + Arg shale 45 15. Red 10 [[line indicating sum]] 197.5 This corresponds to K.1.2 3 4 etc of section from the Jurassic up taken on the Kanab Valley side. The upper coalbeds of that section are concealed in this. K2 contains the coal seams (7). [end page] [start page] Section from the summit of the White Cliffs on the West side of the Kanab Canon. Jurassic. a. Limestone, marl, bedded. gray, very hard. brittle rings under the hammer. Contains fossils in the lower shaly layers. b Sandstone. Crossbedded gray & purple, marked with dendrites passing down into a limestone band and again sandstone to the top of the w.c. sandstone. The purple gives way to white & then yellow comes beneath. [[?]] determined [[?]] to debris 115 Solid cliff w.c.[[b?]].s.d. [[erased]] 5 [[erased]] 85.

50 b Vermilion band c.b./soft readily disintegrating sd. extending across valley. 600–700 c Gray & red band c.b. sd massive & devided in bands from 25 to 100 feet. 300 d Red evenly [[deposited?]] rd- = Red bed (3 measurements) 125 e See pg [[16?]] Gray sandstone to red band [[strikethrough]] in same [[/strikethrough]] 320. f See pg 15. [[strikethrough]]g Evenly [[bedded?]] [[/strikethrough]] f.g Massive stratum partially c.b. 20 g.h Light red color evenly bedded sd within [[?]] layer of gray sandstone 20 [[end page]] [[start page]] [[Long slash through entire page]] 51 i Dark red sandstone h Marine layer alternating with shale [[strikethrough]] rubble [[/strikethrough]] disintegrates easily forming a sloping talus above the gray sd beneath (pg 12.) 180 j, Light gray sd 5 k, Bedded sandstones varying in various shades of red + gray. The layers are irregular in thickness and [[strikethrough]] [[are?]] [[/strikethrough]] denoted by [[partings?]] of less indurated sd. 230. l Thin layer of sandstone k alternating with bands of argillaceous shale Holds fish teeth etc 28 [[end page]]

52 [[margin]] ml massive redish, [[somthingish]] layers. 50 nm Alternation of sandstone layers & argillaceous shales holding fish remains etc 25 Pg 8. [[strikethrough p [[strikethrough]] n [[strikethrough]]on clay + sandy shales with [[strikethrough]] [[margin]]o n[[margin]] Redish brown sd easily disintegrating with partings of shale breaking into layers of [[pan?]] one to six feet in thickness 120 [[margin]] [[p o]] [[margin]] pg9 Marls + shales with bands of sd 70 Pg 6 [[margin]] q p [[margin]] Redish brown sd with white band at base 20 [[margin]] [[?]] [[margin]] [[line indicating sum ]] 2985. [[end page]] [[start page]] 53 [[Shnsarmits?]] [[margin]] a [[margin]] Shale or marls gypiferous. Dark purplish, brown, green + bluish green disintegrated forming low foothills 650 [[margin]] b [[margin]] Pg 6 Gray Conglomerate Pg 2 50 [[margin]] c [[margin]] Redish brown shale 30 [[margin]] d [[margin]] Massive layer sd seperated by fossil shale Pg1. 50 [[the 30 three lines above and the 50 on this line are joined by a curved line annotated with the number 135 which has also been underlined]] [[margin]] e [[margin]] Brown soft shale gypsiferou 105 [[underlined]] 90 [[margin]] f [[margin]] Light coloured gyp shales x125 [[underlined]] 120 [[inserted]] Top 5550 top 5450 [[?]] 25 [[inserted]] [[margin]] g [[margin]] Red gyp shale [[underlined]]300[[underlined] 100 [[end page]]

54 h. Impure limestone holding cast of fossils and also in the [[purer?]] limestone well preserved shells. Gastropods brachiopods and lamellibranchs i 4.w6 Red marl 15.w40 [[strikethrough]]j Impure limestone with indented gypsiferous shale beneath.[[/strikethrough]] [[strikethrough]]k Red gypsiferous shale[[/strikethrough]] j Impure limestone shaly beneath (see pg 58 25(west)10. k white marl 2 feet with 68 sandstone below (red) 70 I. on west side is composed of just gyp marl thrush alternating, solid on Butte in east side [[end page]] [[start page]] [[loose paper]] On the west side of the Kanab wash just before reaching the opening of the Canon. The limestone at the base of the [[Shri...h?]] gp. rises to the east and south [[image - two rises with valley/canyon? in between; first rise has a "x" on top, second rise has "s" on top]] outlying buttes are not affected by the uplift. It is a local area of disturbance. There are other indication of disturbance but too slight to be determined as to dif etc [[image - meandering line marked by two x's, "N" noted at the top of the meander, "S" within a circle at the right side of the meander, "S" at the bottom of the meander. To the right of that image is another smaller arch line drawn - written inside it - "1st Camp"]] [[end page]]

[start page] 54 h. Impure limestone holding cash of fossils and also in the purer limestone well preserved shells. Gastropods brachiopods and lamellibranchs i 4.W 6 Red marl 15W.40 [[strikethrough]] j. Impure limestone with indented gypsiferous shale beneath. [[/strikethrough]] [[strikethrough]] k Red gypsiferous shale.[[/strikethrough]] j. Impure limestone shaly beneath (see pg 58 25 (West) 10. k White marl 2 feet with 68 [[ ... of stone?]] below (red) 70 [[From top of page until here, diagonal line strikes through all text.]] [[line across the page]] J. on west side is composed of Just gyp marl & thrust alternating, solid on Butte in east side [end page] [start page] 55 Note. The limestone capping the low cliffs south of the Shinarump Conglomerate on the west side of the Kanab wash bends down to the western margin of the cliff indicating a fold and [[image - pencil drawing of profile of hill with west indicated on the left hand side and east on the right. Different strata are numbered: 1,2,3. Hill bends down in the left]] fault as this the Shinarump Conglomerate. The general dip of the undisturbed strata is viewed from farther east + south the above is seen to the western end of a [[strikethrough]] synclinal [[/strikethrough]] anticlinal arch. The entire structure is as follows. [[Note on side of page: The western edge is broken by [[?]] S. to bout [[?]] to the west. [[end page]]

On the west side of the Kanab wash just before reaching the opening of the canon. The limestone at the base of the [[Sh?]] gp. rises to the east and south. [[image - pencil drawing of profile of two hills]] Outlying buttes are not affected by the uplift. It is a local area of disturbance. There are other indication of disturbance but too slight to be determined as to dif etc. [[image - pencil drawing of map of area]] (1st camp

[[Slim?]] G h. [[underlined]] disturbance [[/underlined]] Fault in limestone above head of lower Kanab Canon.

56 [[rest of page is oriented 90 degrees counter-clockwise]] [[top left corner]] W [[/top left corner]] The lines representing the limestone bands. [[top right corner]] E [[/top right corner]] [[image - drawing of profile of hill. The letters in lowercase sit in intervals across the top of the band: a x b c]] East. At a. the western margin of the cliff the dip is 8 [[underlined]] ˚ [[/underlined]] the strata then came upward in a very gentle slope b. forward then down to the east forming a low synclinal at c. as there is a gradual rise to the east of c. followed to the north by the general dip of all the strata. The western side with the western dip may be seen extending south for a long distance across the plain towards the mouth of the canon. A cross section south mouth of a & b at x = [[image - drawing of strata marked N at left, x at top and S on right. Under the strata is an S in the middle and S1 at right]] forming a dome like rise at x . s to s. is a washout but the dip is [[?]] at S: to the S.W. [[end page]] [[start page]] 57 The flat south of the [[Shannich??]] is broad and with the excepting of low outlying butte south of the limestone the wash is several miles broad and extends out on to the [[contranforus?]] escarpment where it is stretches as far as the line of sight. A few mountain tops appearing on it far to the south. To the north the rise is the first seen of the kind. The [[vermilion?]] cliffs present a [[insertion]] bold [[/insertion]] terraced [[point?]] [[strikethrough]] bold [[/strikethrough]]. Headlands & [[?]] out leaving deep canons that add to the varied surface by presenting the side view of the terraced cliff. Below the low cliff of the [[shannich?]] [[Cany?]], red beneath capped with white appear [[pink?]] as great lines of [[strikeout]] [[?]] [[/strikeout]] parts red [[threads?]]. One prominent butte looking like a great iron clad resting on the land [[writing continues at 90 degrees up the right margin of the page]] [[beam beneath?]]. [[end page]]

58 j page 54. rest on the eroded surface of . the red shale beneath, This is small charm in the outlying buttes in the east side of the wash South of the cliffs.<> It varies in thickness from 10 to 30 feet. Contains many fossils. The upper portion is a sandstone holding lamellibranch shells. X1 mile N.N.W. the limestone is not over 1 foot thick but a thick band of gypsiferous + arenaceus shales replaces it. Near the base a few [[strikethrough]]l[[/strikethrough]] sandy layers 8 to 6 in thick hold lamellibranch shells. [[end page]] [[start page]] 59 The fossils occur in the impure limestone, sandstone, arenaceous shale with gypsum, laminated layers alternating of gypsum + sand + argillaceous shale. [[Impure?]] argillaceous limestone with fossils replaced by gypsum. A section on the west side of the Kanab wash taken from the base of the Shinarump Conglomerate. The upper surface of the shale was eroded prior to the deposition of the overlaying conglomerate as may be seen in most good exposures of the line of contact of the Conglomerate and shaly sandstone. The entire section was carefully measured with the exception of 75 feet of the lower red marl.

60 The conglomerate at the point where the section was taken is darker than usual and in fact is a very dark rust color for a mile or more along the exposure at the [[land?]] [[beds?]] the [[?]] in many places being a nearly fine white sandstone c.b. the pebbles are all [[agatized?]]. No fossil wood was seen at this point. [[left margin]] 1c.&d. [[/left margin]] Shaly sandstone. dark redish [[?]] passing 20 feet from the summit into a massive sandstone. Riffle marks & mud cracks occur in the shaly [[portion?]] [[right margin]] 135 [[/right margin]] This [[?]] c.&d. of section [[(?)]]. [[left margin]] 2E [[/left margin]] Dark red arenaceous shales with seams of gypsum [[end page]] [[start page]] 61 running thro' it, both horizontal and vertical [[right margin]] 105 [[/right margin]] E of section. [[left margin]] 3f [[/left margin]] Gray gypsiferous marl, arenaceous, with bands of a red color near the base [[right margin]] 125 [[/right margin]] f of section. [[left margin]] 4g [[/left margin]] Red calcaneo-arenaceous gypsiferous marl, [[strikethrough]] cal [[/strikethrough]] sandy shale [[?]] indicated near the summit [[right margin]] 300 [[/right margin]] measured 225 feet estimated 75 by [[barometer]] and dip. [[left margin]] 5h [[/left margin]] [[?]] limestone holding fossils. Gasteropods at this point [[right margin]] 4 [[/right margin]] [[left margin]] 6i [[?]] [[/left margin]] Red gypsiferous marl [[right margin]] 15 [[/right margin]] [[left margin]] 7j [[/left margin]] Shaly impure limestone varying from 2 to 4 feet

62 with arenaceous gypsiferous shale beneath. a few of the sandy layers increasing to 4 to 6 ft in thickness and holding fossils a band of red marl separates this from a somewhat similar shale and limestone beneath. On an outlying butte on the east side the entire band is limestone the lower stratum being five feet in thickness [[right margin]] 25 [[/right margin]] This last bed is of varying thickness as it rests on the uneven surface of the gypsiferous sandstone beneath which shows erosion. Section continued on west side. [[end page]] [[start page]] 63 [[left margin]] 8 [[/left margin]] Red gypsiferous marl with arenaceous shale thro' out. Few bones found near summit [[right margin]] 108 [[/right margin]] [[left margin]] 9 [[/left margin]] Yellowish sandstone with red gypsiferous shale beneath 4 to 6 feet [[right margin]] 37 [[/right margin]] [[left margin]] 10 [[/left margin]] chocolate colored limestone containing [[cast?]] of fossils and also a few [[family?]] [[?]] specimens 15 to 25 [[left margin]] 11 [[/left margin]] Cream colored limestone with red fossils in upper [[?]]. Small chert nodules. [[right margin]] 25 [[/right margin]] [[left margin]] 12 [[/left margin]] Cream colored [[cherty?]] limestone [[?]] [[right margin]] 32 [[/right margin]] [[left margin]] 13 [[/left margin]] Limestone gray to yellow with much chert [[right margin]] 31 [[/right margin]]

64 [[left margin]] 14 [[/left margin]] cherty limestone. chert in large, redish masses, reacting black. Contains numerous fossils. [[Prodmerac?]] [[Attrpin?]] etc. [[right margin]] 34 [[/right margin]] Section of the canon wall. East side at the first alkaline springs. Cream limestone with red fossils 11. of previous section [[flinceforms?]] the summit of the cliff at this point to the massive cherty limestone the strata are much broken up by irregular bedding. the presence of sandstone and the irregular distribution of the chert. [[right margin]] 150 [[/right margin]] Massive bedded cherty limestone. [[right margin]] 200 [[/right margin]] [[end page]] [[start page]] 65 A fault crosses N & S and the section was discontinued. [[image--the numbers 34, 63, and 25 are written in a column and added, yielding 122; to which the number 25 is then added, yielding 147.]]

66 Section of Cliff below [[Shinarump?]] Canon. 1 Red fossil bed with characteristic fossils color [[?]] the cliff. Beneath this the beds recognized to the north as limestone with sandstone band are 4/5 arenaceous rock with chert + brown limestone 200 feet 2. Massive cherty limestone bed. Stopped 100 below by cliff. [[line]] North 1 mile. An [[indicated?]] brown sandstone Caps the cliff back from its edge a short distance. Cherty limestone with a large proportion of sand [[right margin]]150 2 Massive bedded cherty limestone [[right margin]] 250 See note pg 72. [[end page]] 67 [[inserted smaller page]] Base of sea bed 4950 Top of sea bed - 5725 [[line beneath numbers]] 875 [[line across page]] Sandstone with [[Calciferous?]] sd in layers [[intercalated?]]. 70 [[line across page]] Top of limestone 5975 Base 5725 [[line beneath numbers]] 250 150 70 [[limestone + sd ?]] [[line beneath numbers]] 220 25 cal \ Lim. [[line beneath numbers]] 245 [[line across page]] Top Gyp bed L.L 6100 [[line beneath numbers]] 125 [[line across page]] Gypbed + sd. 125 [[line across page]] Shaly [[limestone?]], yellow passing to gray + up to cherty. 65 Holds many fossils _ 6200 [[line across page]] Massive Chertbed [[strikethrough]] 6450 [[/strikethrough]] top 6425 [[line across page]] 225 + top Chertbed 25 [[line beneath numbers]] 250 [[/inserted smaller page]] [[written on top of previous writing]] Canon wall 1 mile South of [[Shnino?]] Canon. Pg 66 notebook. Oct 13"1879

[[top of page - 67]] [[left margin 3]] Cherty limestone thin beds passing to Calciferous sandrock and yellow sandstone. Holds [[right margin 65]][[left margin 2]]fossils in Calciferous portion. [[left margin 3]] Gypsum bed with alternation of friable sandstone [[right margin 125]] [[ left margin 4 ]] Cream colored limestone passing down into a arenaceous limestone and to sandstone. [[strikethrough]] (Cherty) [[/strikethrough]] 35 [[left margin 6 ]] Sandstone [[with?]] light gray, with cast of fossils [[strikethrough]] [[(?)]] [[/strikethrough]] (Cherty) [[Production?]] etc [[right margin 140]] [[ left margin c ]] Light colored sd. with calciferous layers. Breaks into somewhat thinner layers than the mass above + containing more

[[top of page]] 68 sandstone [[right margin]][[strikethrough]] 45 [[/strikethrough]] 40 [[strikethrough]] [[45?]] [[/strikethrough]] [[/right margin]] [[left margin]] d. [[/left margin]] Gray c.t. sandstone [[strikethrough]] 25 [[/strikethrough]] [[right margin]]30 [[strikethrough]] [[25?]] [[/strikethrough]][[/right margin]] [[left margin]] 5 [[/left margin]] [[right margin]] [[image - line as if for sum]] 245 [[/right margin]] [[left margin]] a [[/left margin]] Deep red [[strikethrough]] [[fidle?]] [[/strikethrough]] sand with shaly [[friable?]] partings 255 [[right margin]] R? [[/right margin]] [[left margin]] b [[/left margin]] Partially c.b. deep red sd 20 or 30 feet passing into evenly bedded as above 270 [[left margin]] c [[/left margin]] Layer of gray sd followed by somewhat massive strata separated by friable shale. (deep red) 250 [[right margin]] 775 [[/right margin]] Measured by barometer & also locke level. Each gave 775. [[strikethrough]] 6 [[strikethrough]] 4 d was a c.b. gray sd as on opposite cliff 1 m west. [[end page]] [[start page]] [[top of page]] 69 Section of Massive c.b. sd [[?]] 4 miles below. 6. Massive [[strikethrough]]bedded [[/strikethrough]] c.b. sd. L.L. [[four dashed lines]] 315. This is a variable bed in Color. Just after it makes its appearance in the cavern the upper stratum is gray to buff with deep red partings then massive beds of a purplish hue and again reddish. Five miles below [[right margin]] 13 - 325 [[right margin]] the purple predominates at the summit with gray red and buff below. It is a great mass without any regular divisions in color or stratification. Near the summit a stratum of shaly limestone is intercalated at one locality for a few hundred yards. This is also repeated at [[end page]]

70 at the central fountain of [[our?]] same c.b strata are somewhat calcifarme. As a whole the gray color predominant near the summit then buff followed by purple and redish hues. 7 Alternating purple and redish beded sandstones: [[strikethrough]] Possbl [[/strikethrough]] carbons may be possible in same band or layer. Or a band of 20 feet may be purple + [[farther?]] in redish. Limestone occurs in nodules + also in shaly pontings with friable sandstone. The more massive beds vary as to thickness. The c.b. and colum. L. L. 16 Brn 150. 8 Gray c.b. sd. upper surface somewhat irregular 72 [[end page]] [[start page]] 71 8.b Purple sd. partially c.b. with [[strikethrough]] s - [[/strikethrough]] shaly limestone at the top. 25 c Massive c.b. buff colored sd. 58. L. L. 155 Brn 150 [[horizontal line]] 9 Purple sandstone massive c.b. 10.

72 Note for 2. pg 66: A careful measurement with locks level gives of the massive chart bed on the east side 2 miles east of the section on page 66 gave 265 feet for the massive chart this included about 15 feet of the lower ^summit chinty beds which were included in the sheds below. The formation gave 250 feet. note on 3. pg 67. Near the upper portion there are several [[strikethrough]] [[peaks?]] [[/strikethrough]] strongly bituminous arenaceous layers 2 to 6 in in thickness [[Lanelli?]] and shells occur as on west side. At this point 1 mile below [[Sh..?]] canon east side the same beds. Top of juncture massive cherty is on a level with the beds 150 above on [[end page]] [[start page]] 73 the west side. As seen with locke level. The limestone beneath the gypsum bed is somewhat shaly for a few feet but rapidly passes down to. the thicker cream colored magnesian limestone. There is more sandstone on the east side and the mass as a whole is thicker by 80 feet than the same on the east side. [[end page]]

74 Oct 22d 79. 1/4 mile above mouth of the Kanab Canon on the Colorado. 1 Massive indurated sd gamitiferous. 20 2 Greenish micaceous ^and shale and passing up into calciferous sandrock and to mottled gray limestone (Trilobites) 30 3 Greenish arenaceous and micaceous shale (Fucoids) 115 4 Gray limestone alternating with with arenaceous shale passing into mottled limestone Passage beds to the mottled limestone 70 Primordial trilobites beads + coralline markings. 5 [[end page]] [[start page]] 75 Lower Kanab Canon, west side 3 miles from the Colorado. 1. Calciferous sandrock at top and base, buff sandstone between. [[...imst?]] weathers black and all is stained a redish hue by the wash from above. 35feet 2. Gray and drab colored limestone,latter predominating & very hard. brittle. breaking into angular fragments. [[strikethrough]] The gray limestone [[/strikethrough]]. Sandy partings occur at all levels and there is much arenaceus matter intermingled with the limestone. The gray limestone is in layers of varying thikness 1/2 to a foot. Usually contains many small flat concretions. The upper band of 85 feet to the final shaly parting holds: Trilobites heads and Lingula.

76 [[Diagonal line through page]] Fine micaceous sand occurs in the summit. [[on the hont..gs?]] The lower band [[strikethrough]] of [[/strikethrough]] is essentially a repetition of the upper in lithological characters & the same trilobites bead [[sn?]] was observed in each. The canalline mottlings occur in the lower half chiefly, altho' seen to the summit. This band is a portion of the Tonto group and carries the Primordial up to the sandstone. It is broken up into several bands by shaly partings, usually [[aranaceous?]], and/or again subdivided into massive strata evenly bedded [[a]] strata. [[b]] upper bed 85 [[c]] Center " s 295 Lower. New [[?]] 70 ------- 450 [[end page]] [[start page]] 77 [[diagonal line through page]] 3 greenish micaceous shale aranaceous shale and a few layers of gray sandstone. passing up into aranaeceous limestone Tobare of preceding 100. Add section 1/2 mile of the colorado. See pg 74. Found Trilobitic remains lingula and Hyolithes in 3 also in base of (2.) [[diagonal line through this paragraph]] Strata at mouth of cavern. Top of lower division of limestone (C) dip N 1.50 & down the Colorado S. W. 20. [[strikethrough]] The [[/strikethrough]] The hard, calcaneous sandstone at the base of the Tonto group rises to the N. E. going up the river above the mouth of the Kanab Cavern. About 1/2 mile above it is 5-0 feet above [[end page]]

78. the water and just below [[strikethrough]] at [[/strikethrough]] the mouth of the Kanab Canon it passes beneath the water line. A half mile above the strata on the north side clif 15˚ to the N. N. W. & on the south side of the river 12˚to 15˚ to the S. S. E. The higher strata (limestone) do not appear to partake of this strong dip [[image - both walls of a canyon surrounding a river, showing strata markings, left side top labeled "N" and right side top labeled "S"]] local pushing out of strata at base of canon. walls [[end page]] [[start page]] 79 Partial section taken on the East side of the canon about 5 miles from the Colorado. Oct 27" 1. Gray (light) limestone, resting beneath banded cherty limestone. A carefull search did not show any fossil remains that could be identified as such. 85 2. sandstone, friable, stained purple, with a few limestone layer in the central portion. 35 G. This band of sandstone forms a shelf which extends all along the cliffs on each side of the canon & also the Colorado canon above it rises the [[a sheer?]] cliff. 3 Gray limestone nearly same as 1. 90

[[top margin]] 80 [[/top margin]] 4. Impure limestone,arenaceous in places, with masses of calcspar. Gray mottled with purple. [[strikethrough]] [[and ?]] [[/strikethrough]] Uniform gray on weathered surfaces. 90 feet from the summit the gray limestone again predominates and continues down 70 feet & becomes more arenaceous the succeeding 25 feet. [[right margin]] 185 [[right margin]] 5. [[/strikethrough]] Impure limestone passing into [[/strikethrough]] Gray and buff sandstone with [[underlined]] a few [[surface?]] limestone layers. [[/underlined]] [[right margin]] 50 [[right margin]] Below limestone (2) pg. 75. The mottled limestone occurs near the base of 4 the purple mottling's weathering out in relief. [[end page]] [[start page]] [[top margin]] 81 Oct 29" [[top margin]] Measured the massive bed of limestone with intercalated chert layers and collected fossils from the same. They have a sub-carboniferous aspect. [[right margin]] 145 [[/right margin]] The chert is in layers of nodules + irregular [[ramifications?]] coincident with the bedding + forms about 1/4 of the mass. Fossils occur in abundance near the central & an upper part. Below none were seen. Spifera, [[Anthris?]], [[Chonetis?]], [[Produstis?]] etc with many species of bryozoans occur. Thickness of bed 145. [[end page]]

[[top margin]] 82 [[/top margin]] [[strikethrough]] These beds here with the massive gray limestone [[basalt?]] the chert are irregular. [[/strikethrough]] Oct 31 1879 In coming up the canon noticed several illustrations of the errosion of the Silurian beds and the deposition of [[Sandstone?]] etc. prior to the [[insert]] deposition of the [[/insert]] massive gray limestone. Also local curvatures of the upper portion of the Siluvian strata. Remeasured the chert bed three miles above using a line 105 feet + 75 feet by Locks level. = 150 feet. There are not as many fossils at this front as below & the transportation of [[strikethrough]] limestone [[/strikethrough]] chert [[/strikethrough]] + the [[/strikethrough]]is less than at previous section. The chert is light colored weathering blackly. [[end page]] [[start page]] [[top margin]] 83 [[/top margin]] Sections of the massive limestone above the chertbed near where the Lower [[Kanab?]] springs issue Arizona. The upper portion 250 feet was measured with Locke level. The remaining portion with the line & a short distance with the level. 1 shaly, [[insert]] gray [[/insert]] limestone with pink chert and intercalated arenaceous layers. [[right margin]] 255 [[/right margin]] 2 Massive light gray limestone with some evenly bedded cherty layers near the summit. also at 200 feet below a band of cherty layers intercalated with this limestone. [[right margin]] 487 [[/right margin]] Fossils were found at various horizons but none abundantly near the summit. A species [[end page]]

84 [[strikethrough]] of Symingopora occurs in great abundance in the form of casts of the stems etc near the base. Another section of this bed was taken two miles further up the canon, all but 75 feet (measured by line) being taken by Locke level 477. feet was obtained. [[/strikethrough]] The upper layers of the limestone (the two upper bands) are very unevenly bedded forming undulations [[image - pen sketch of the layers of limestone]] [[label]] 30 feet [[/label]] this irregularity is taken up by the beds above [[end page]] [[start page]] 85 so that at the base of the purple sandstone its even horizon is restored. [[strikethrough]] The massive light gray limestone is usually divided in [[strikethrough]] five [[/strikethrough]] six massive bands which frequently break into several thinner bands. The [[overwritten]] [[?]] [[/overwritten]] white cherty bed [[overwritten]] was [[/overwritten]] is not persistent often being absent at the limestone uniform. [[/strikethrough]] Seams oblique to the stratification occur in the limestones of the Carboniferous. [[image - pen drawing of limestone layering]]

[[top margin]] 86 [[/top margin]] Partial section. Head of Canon in same limestone. Lower Kanab Canon, Arizona. Gray limestone with white chert passing into shaly limestone with pink or red chert and then becoming more arenaceous with thin bands of pink chert & shaly limestone. [[right margin]] 300 feet [[/right margin]] The boundary both above and below of this band is very changable. Below the uneven surface of the limestone will cause variations of from 25 to 50 feet & above the pink chert may run up into the sandstone much further in some places than others. The purple sandstone above was 50 feet in thickness where [[end page]] [[start page]] [[top margin]] 87 [[top margin]] the section was taken. [[strikethrough]] The first bed is a [[insert]] bed of [[insert]] passage from the limestone to the sandstone. [[/strikethrough]] The highest inclination of the laminated layers of the crossbedded sandstone that was observed is 27°. the highest general average is about 20° to 23°. [[image - syncline layers with fault and offset]] Local faulting in C.P. sd white band vermilion cliffs.

88 [[end page]] [[start page]] 89

146 [[end page]] [[start page]] 147

148 [[end page]] [[start page]] 149

[[taped in sample of small plant with flowers and seeds]] RU 7004/ Walcott Arizona Grand Canyon Field Notes 1879 found between pp 148 - 9

[[both pages x'd out]] 150, Faults Pg 4. Fault in [[S'hia'anth?]] Canyon Kanab Creek. [[strikethrough]]Pg[[/strikethrough]] Pg. 11. Fault 10 [[wrote 0 on top of 2]] mi W of Kanab in Vermillion Cliffs. At the mouth of the Kanab [[canon?]] in the Vermillion Cliffs. A fault occurs on the west side crossin g the span that runs out to the south which forms the west side of the canon just before it widens out to form the ampitheater about the village of Kanab. Line of fault SE x N.W. with a down throw to S.W. of 65 feet. The calciferous layer rests at the summit of each level to the N.W. (1/2 mile)the fault may be seen cutting down through the red shale & light gray cross-bedded sandstone with the drop [[?]] chert. On the north side [[end page]] [[start page]] [[top margin]] 151 [[top margin]] of the spine there is a cliff crossing S.W. & N.E. & here a drop occurs to the north of 100 feet. Crossing the Kanob Canon 3 miles above Kanob there are two ravines one on the E & W sides. A cross section of the canon & of the ravines gives the following [[image]] The general impression gained at this point is that there was a slight fold with a general drop to the west. (But slight.) In the vicinity of (a) East [[wrote East on top of west]] side there were a number of cracks run right from the summit of the hills down to the [[bore?]]. The dis-placement was too slight (we tried) to be noticable at a distance.

[[top margin]] (152) [[top margin]] a section from the N E side of the E ravine as seen from 2/3 up the hillside that the E side is elevated [[strikethrough]] nearly [[/strikethrough]] 50 [[wrote 50 over 200]] feet above the west [[?]] the red band (which is persistent at the same horizon for many miles) [[image]] Section across Kanob Canon at the [[?]] [[image]] The ravine up which the road to Long valley passes branches to the west & then turns north. A fault crosses N a short distance from [[end page]] [[start page]] [[top margin]] 153 [[top margin]] the canon with a N.W & S.E. line with a drop of 50 feet to [[there?]]. Higher up the ravine devides the [[strikethrough]] west branch carrying the road [[/strikethrough]] & the [[?]] [[strikethrough]] [[/strikethrough]] passes up apparently along the line of slight fault. Higher up these small lakes occur. [[image]] The only agent that [[insert]] has [[/insert]] apparently left these hollows is ice. The lakes are small. The (1) [[1 written over one]] occurs just before an abrupt turn in the canon, No (2) lies against a [[?]] [[?]] & is practically cut off by a low rocky point crossing the canon. No (3) [[?]] the expansion of the ravine from the appearance of the [[bottom?]] another small [[end page]]

154 [[lakelit?]] lay below at the next turn of the ravine (4) [[end page]] [[start page]] 155 On the summit of the hill 2 [[?]] S.W. of Silens old place Kanab (Upper) valley 8800 feet there is a cap of basaltic lava 300 feet thick. On the west the top of the Pinck Cliff limestone lava division is on the same level as the top of the lava. The strata dip North 2 1/2 [[symbol for degrees]] with out apparent E&W dip. It is on the west side of the fault running from the Pink Cliff uplift west of the devide at the North End of the upper Kanab valley. On the east the Cretaceous strata of the Lower [[written atop the word "middle"]] on coal division cross from the Eastern fault [[?]] sink & Kanab valleys up to the large canon that leads up to the lava bed. The strata preserve a uniform dip slightly running to the west & south until it passes beneath the lava. There is no

8825 8575 156 [[ink bleed from 157 on opposite page]] ---- 250 [[page strikethrough]] evidence of a monoclinal fold. To the North the tertiary strata rise from the N.W. No evidence of its presence was seen on the lava capped hill. On the next Knoll south buff sandstone outcrops with a dip of 10° N.W. 8825. No means of determining the position of the sandstone existed beyond the probability that it belonged to the upper division of the Cretaceous. There must be a fault east between this point & the Kanab Valley lower position. 8575 [[strikethrough]] 8775 [[/strikethrough]] A little south and 250 feet lower the Ostrea bed occurs in position dipping N.W. 10°. Dip 75 x 250 = 325 feet [[/page strikethrough]] [[end page]] [[start page]] 157 [[page strikethrough]] Ostrea bed beneath sandstone on top of hill. This is a continuation of the dip & strata measured 1/2 mi N. where the [[Lentacing?]] beds were dipping 10° N.W. The Ostrea bed again occurs to the S.W. at a level of 75 [[insertion]] 8500 [[/insertion]] feet below the other outcrop & dipping N.W. exact dip could not be determined. Also occurs again with strong N.W. slope at 8450 sloping S.E. & again ^ [[insertion]] 8350 [[/insertion]] on high hill N of upper volcano in valley below Silur. The dip here is 30° N.W. The rock is filled with the Ostrea shells. Quantities of large fragments of the Ostrea bed and the sandstone underlying it occur at different levels from 300 feet below on the [[/page strikethrough]]

158 [[page strikethrough]] hill side towards the Cretaceous. [[image - Pen sketch of the layout of the land showing dips and hillside with labels]] [[image labels]] E Fault Ostrea red bed, sink. u. red bed Kanab. u fault Ostrea Lava cap below and lava W [[/image labels]] The Cretaceous strata dip to the N.E. rising to the S.W. The base of the coal series above the gybsiferous monk is 7650. Thickness to Ostrea bed, 1230. ---- 8880 Lower Ostreabed 7350 ---- 530. 530 = fault a lowest estimate but as the Ostrea bed & associated strata dip N.W. 10° & thru lower Cretaceous N.E. there is evidently an uplift towards the [[volcanort?]] the south of the strata west of the fault. From the Ostrea bed occurring at [[/page strikethrough]] [[end page]] [[start page]] 159 [[page strikethrough]] different levels in the E & W line. There are several parallel faults [[as on?]] the west side of the valley to the north towards the Pink Cliff Uplift. The strata on the other side of the long valley canon are separated by a still greater down throw to the west, or rather I would regard the Cretaceous strata as having been elevated. The lava flow occurring on top of the hill points to the source of the disturbance especially as the faults are on a line with the volcano below. The fault or faults crossing over from the [[Levier?]] pass on the west side of the Kanab Lower Valley above white cliff & apparent [[?]] & go south thro' the Long Valley Canon. [[/page strikethrough]]

The eastern [[?]] of the [[cay]] on the devide]] of the separation of the Cretaceous of the valley from the [[Tertary]]and[[Cretaceous W.W. uplifte in the western hills over to the Long valley canon x. No evidence of a fault was observed in the Kanab Canon White Cliffs or in the canon east to the 2d opening in the Johnson cannon. To the west no observations were taken in the White Cliff or the Long Valley canon cuts off faults in that direction. [[end page]] [[start page]] Note. From the base of the gray sandstone [[(sanetinis]]conglomerte)beneath the Pink Cliff limestone to the [[arenaceous?]] clays beneath the massive sandstone [[neat]]below the [[astrea]] appears to be a great natural grout characterized by the preponderance of sandstones + clays [[parting]] in great [[minimility]] as compared with the [[2d]]. The next division consisting of clays + [[marls]] [[arenaceous]] soft easily disintegrating strata extend down to the red bed of shale above the sandstones containing numerous fossils. This division forming low rounded hills [[usually]]extending southward to the next [[bunch]] of hard [[2d]].

162. 3. The [[strikethrough]] great [[/strikethrough]] sandstone formatt gradually giving way to bands of shale + bitumin clays with coal extending down to gypsiform clays above Jurassic 4. The gypsiform clays + conglomerate reading to the Jurassic limestone Jurassic to white cliff [[underlined]] sandstone [[/underlined]]. [[end page]] [[start page]] 163. Gray [[image - round topped hill with rock layers, top labeled [[cray?]] bottom labeled Red Drab]] [[image - layers on flat topped hill]] Butte south of [[Sh...?]] [[image - three flat topped hills labeled [[Lmst Lmst Kanab ?]] one label on top of each hill. first hill labeled Red shale on bottom]] Butte south of limestone cliff. 12 min S.S.W. of Kanab Unconformity with strata beneath consequent butte erosion of the latter.

164 Tertiary strata west of the [[Laecais?]] Uplift west side of Kaibab Valley (Upper) Cream Colored Limst. 50 feet 1 White band 25" 2 Pink (dark) 100" 3 Cream colored sd. 50" 4 Cream colored lmst_ 100" 5 Pink (redish) lmst-[[strikethrough]] sacharstival [[/strikethrough]] 150' 6 Succeeding well south coupled with buff sd. such as occurs beneath the Pink Cliffs & stray iron stained lamina occurs about 200 feet down. 300- 7 Just to the S.W. of this hill there is a hill of white brecciated limestone similar to the limestone above the redish band [[end page]] [[start page]] 165 166 167.. A small shell was obtained from the sandstone. No fossils yet observed in the limestone. _ [[strikethrough]] White limestone. [[/strikethrough]] Sd. dips more to the N. 8 White lmst S.W. 300 feet or more. The hill to the southwest are brecciated limestone [[?]] a blueish to + the strata are [[?]] at a high angle 30 degrees to 40 S. W. dip as far as examined. Owning to the complexity of the bedding of the strata etc + the fact that it is very rare to find good outcrops, I gave of looking any further as, the time for [[leaving the?]][?] ]?] [end page]

168 [[diagonal line through page]] Upper Kanab. Head of valley. The Pink Cliff run N + S as on map the cretaceous running in nearly a parallel line for along distance just west N & S of this devide. Coming into pink valley in the South. The cretaceous is 2 miles or more in width across the devide Is replaced by the redish conglomerate which in turn gives way to the Pink Cliff Uplift to the west of the trail over the devide. The cretaceous rock curves round south of the conglomerate & Pink Cliff Uplift. N of the devide twist of the trail the beds are the same apparently or west of Kanab valley (Upper) & may be seen [[NEW PAGE]] 169 extending & north for miles in the Sevin Valley. Rocks South & W of uplift (P.C.) have not yet examined Sep.B. 8" 1879. South of the Pink Cliff Uplift the sandstones beneath rise at an angle of 28 [[degree symbol]] for a mile the dip is N.W. Elevation of Pink Cliff Uplift 8925 feet. Strata beneath retain the same dip 28 degrees N.W and Loss down through the [[tertiarty?]] and beneath the Pink Cliffs to the upper portion of the Cretaceous. The distance to the lowest outcrop in the valley to the S is 1 1/2 mile. Elevation On the west side of this uplift Tertiary limestone may be seen resting against the sandstone, inclines

170 at the point of contact at the same angle but a short distance back it is reduced to 10 degrees west 23 degrees N.W. & soon assumes the horizontal position E. & W. with a slight dip to the north. [[sketch 1 - horizontal lines indicating strata]] Whether a fault exists to the west was not determined at date of writing Sept 9"1879. Elevation of [[Lentiary?]] hill west of Cretaceous uplift [[strikethrough]]8450[[/strikethrough]] 8500. 1P.M. Sept 9". [[sketch 2 - hills and valleys showing their inclines]] E & W section south of P.C. uplift. 1 1/2 miles. [[end page]] [[start page]] 171 A fault on synclinal is shown by sketches 1 & 2 taken 1 3/4 miles west of [[Lentiary?]] Hills. The strata of the [[Lentiary?]] ridge dip 23 degrees N.W. of the strata on the hills west 1 mile dip 5 N.E. The hills west are composed of limestone capped with sand & [[give?]] a section [[succumbed?]] as in the [[?]] bluffs to the east. The [[fault?]] passes down the valley west of the ridge & appears to trend to the westward lower down. Cutting the high [[Lentiary?]] ridge from the long valley side. NEW PAGE

172 [[page strikethrough]] Upper Kanab Valley, West side 8250. B. at 2. P.M. Sept 8.79. The Pink Cliffs facing W & S.W show a slight dip to the N about 2°. The Cretaceous strata to the west have the same dip & the Astrea bed 1600 feet from the summit of the [[severis?]] of Cretaceous beds is a marked feature of the landscape nesting as it does [[strikethrough]] 5 [[/strikethrough]] 8050 feet above tide with the high Pink Cliff back feet above tide. On the lift the beds of the Pink Cliff of the west side of the valley dip N. [[insertion]] W. [[/insertion]] at an angle of 28° resting against the cretaceous rocks [[image - pen drawing of of the Pink Cliff (P.C) resting against the cretaceous rock]] [[line]] A [[?]] volcano occurs at x on [[north?]] upper Karab Valley [[/page strikethrough]] [[end page]] [[start page]] 173 [[page strikethrough]] To the west the strata have the uniform dip to the north and consist of higher beds (apparently still cannot tell. Color white. Capped with redish brown. The Glendale fault may lift the Pink Cliff in depress the white beds. The redish beds are dabbed with white limestone 4 miles west of Kanab valley (upper). The summit of the Pink Cliff uplift on the west side is 8925. 230 P.M. Sept 8./79. A little west of the road over the divide leading down to Kanab valley there is a mass of redish colored conglomerate. about 75 feet is exposed above the [[tabis?]]. It is The matrix is a redish [[divide?]] fine [[strikethrough]] sand or [[/strikethrough]] margellaceous anatenial & has embedded [[/page strikethrough]]

174 [[page strikethrough]] in it fragments of pink limestone and sandstone brecciated also small pebbles of quartz. The pink rock prevailing. The bed would appear to be made from the destruction of the pink cliffs limestones & sst. Barometer 8800. 4. P.M. Sept. 8th 1879. Dip 5° N. Cretaceous hill E of last 9100. 4.30 P.M. See sketch of valley & [[decide?]] from this point. Stain of redish conglomerate & pebbles of some extent 175 feet higher up the hill than the summit given above viz : 8800. Ostrean bed 8275 on line of sect. south of cong. Sept 8th 1879 [[/page strikethrough]] [[end page]] [[start page]] [[page strikethrough]] Ripple marks & other evidence of litoral formation. Ripple marked slabs were seen at various horizons in the Shinarump gp. Vermillion & white cliffs. Mud cracks also occur throughout [[strikethrough]] the more [[/strikethrough]] in the argillaceous shales. The numerous beds of crossbedded sandstone also indicate rapid amounts & fluctuating levels in the water such a strong rapid tide would produce. [[insertion]] Note up next page [[/insertion]] Worm borings in the cliff 3 miles above Kanab East side ravine the light colored sandstone is literally perforated in all directions by the casts of worm borings. The yellowish filling weathers out & for many feet rocks are [[having crumbed?]]. The rocks is very incoherent & crumbles at the touch of the hand. [[/page strikethrough]]

174 The sandstones of the lower portion of the crossbedded [[ed's?]] of the W. C. Gp., are usually very [[fissil?]] when exposed to the weather at an angle to the outcrop [[sketch]] The general appearance of the beds is such that it appears that the layers were laid down by a gentle current, such as a daily tidal current and then heavy strong currents tidal or [[stormic?]] level off the [[knolls?]] and formed a smooth floor upon which it deposited a layer of sand which in turn was again buried beneath the shifting sands which in turn were level off again etc., etcetera. [[a diagonal line, in a different ink, runs down the entire page]] [[end page]] [[start page]] 175 [[image - sketch of stratigraphy; text below is the key]] X Present bed of springs & stream of Kanab creek. Vermilion Cliffs. a Deposit of sand etc., evenly bedded & showing source of material in the [[strikethrough]] [[?]] [[/strikethrough]] red & light colored layers caused by the wash from the red and white beds above. Height of terrace 35. (b) A second terrace of sand extending to the west at (c) the red sandrock has a grayish color probably owing to the upper terrace having rested against it. The [[lower ?]] terrace a can be traced down the canon for two miles or more evidence of the upper terrace (b) is seen but a short distance. [[end page]]

X 176 From the summit of the white cliff on the west side of the Kanab canon looking east it appears that the white cliff (summit) is elevated 6 or 700 feet above the western edge of the same canon. This must be owing to the fault which crosses from the Upper Kanab Canon S.S.E. to the Johnson Canon on [[strikethrough]] W [[/strikethrough]] S. of Clarkston. The white cliff [[ad?]] has a slight dip N.E. from the Kanab Canon. An from the long valley fault to the Johnson canon. No evidence of a fault was obtained at the mouth of the Kanab Canon in the white cliff. The lava flowing from the volcano at the head of the canon in the white cliff [[a diagonal line is drawn through the entire page]] [[end page]] [[start page]] 177 passes down the old canon of the Kanab valley entering the present road canon & flowing for a long distance on the east side. Since the lava flow the canon has been worn much larger on the west side & the lava stands a black wall on the eastern side curving [[?]] like a great snake down the canon following the old [[sinuous?]] channel of the stream thro' the canon. At the head of the lava stream the volcanoes divided the old valley into two water sheds one passing down thro' the old drainage line on the west cutting thro' the lava bed to enter the main canon. The other weaving a new channel down which the present road runs. [[a diagonal line is drawn through the entire page]] [[end page]]

178 [[image - landscape sketch]] Termination of vermilion cliff w of Kanab [[image - schematic]] white cliffs [[end page]] [[start page]] [[this page appears to be a piece of loose paper inserted into the notebook - no page number]] [[image - sketch of fault and stream channel]] a fault occurs at X. It may be [[?]] also the [[?]]

178 [[image - pencil sketch of landscape]] [[label]] white cliffs [[/label]] [[line across page]] [[image - pencil sketch of landscape showing different strata of hills]] Termination of vermilion cliff w of Kanab [[end page]] [[start page]] 179 Lava beds [[underlined]] 5 miles north. [[/underlined]] (1) [[strikethrough]] Anticline [[/strikethrough]] near Sevier valley [[image - pencil sketch of landscape showing shape of hills and fault]] [[labels]] [[underlined]] 4° N. Fault [[/underlined]] S. [[/labels]] Aug 8th 79. [[line across page]] (2) 3[[superscript]]d[[/superscript]] Camp [[image - pencil sketch of landscape]] [[Labelled from left to right]] N Pink beds [[strikethrough]] Dip [[strikethrough]] 2° west fault partially wooded Pink beds D 2 1/2° S Red beds S (a) [[/labelled]] Seen from 2 miles to the south of (1) [[line across page]] The redish beds at (a) rest upon & against the eroded Pink beds. The Pink beds pass beneath lava beds to the north. South the hills are wooded & the bedding does not show as well. August. See note of Nov [[12th ?]]

[[loose page - no page number]] Opposite Hillsdale the P.C. strata dip 40 west on the north side of the E&W canon. See page 179 of note book. [[following written vertically on page]] [[sketch and key]] 1. Dark pink l resting on eroded surface of 2. 2. Pink Cliff [[Scarp?]] dip 3° N.E. 3. " " " " 2° W - 4°N. to pass beneath lava beds. Taken 6 miles south of Hillsdale from W side of [[Serina?]] River. Nov 14" 79 [[end page]]

[[loose page - no page number]] [[written vertically on page]] [[image - depicting lava overlayer and wooded hill atop strata of "D.C." blocks]] From Butler Ranch [[image - lower right -separate drawing? - no title - appears to mirror left side of above drawing and with one label of "D.C."]] [[end page]]

[[loose page - no page number]] Summit of Cherty [[Lmsh?]] Kanab Canon Utah. Oct 6" 79 (1) [[horizontal line]] Viewed from the summit of the cliff west side 300 feet above the canon bed. The strata of the upper 150 feet are seen to be unevenly bedded and also [[cennued?]] more or less in bands not in relation to any definate [[direction?]] but as tho' the bed upon which they were deposited was uneven. Are [[dwiby?]] south. [[image - schematic of beds described above]] [[end page]]

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[[underlined]] 2 [[superscript]] d [[/superscript]] [[/underlined]] Where the red bed makes its appearance above and below the left hand or last canon going down the fault is very plainly seen. The dam there is to the west and is over 100 feet. The strata band towards it from the east and [[?]] toward the west slightly. [[image - drawing of topography of land]] channel

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[[loose page - no page number]] [[image - sketch of fault and stream channel]] a fault occurs at X. It may be [[obser?]] also the [[?]]

[[loose page - no page number]] section across canon at Upper Alkaline Springs. West side, Red fossil bed 5925 East side same bed. 5750 ____ 175 Oct 11" 79 [[written vertically]] Lower Kanab Canon [[underline]] fault [[/underline]] [[image - E-W profiles]] [[?]]

[[strikethrough]] [[underlined]] Fremants Pass Aug 7"79 [[/underlined]] [[/strikethrough]] [[strikethrough]] [[image - pencil sketch of a pass with a stream]] [[/strikethrough]] [[strikethrough]] massive heds of Conglomerate [[/strikethrough]] [[end page]] [[start page]] [[image - pencil drawing of line representing a stream]] stream 1 [[superscript]] st [[/superscript]] camp

Fremonts Pass. Aug 6/79 south side, 5 miles up pass from the west entrance. Base of section light colored thick bedded sandstone (2) with layers of [[breciated?]] (?) conglomerate intercalated, about 60 feet. The conglomerate is composed of ^[[insertion]] small [[/insertion]] broken, angular fragments of volcanic rock and larger rounded stones & some boulders of from 2 to 3 feet in diameter. The sandstone matrix is of medium hardness & where the broken stone are numerous gives the appearance of [[strikethrough]] a bed of [[master?]] [[/strikethrough]] rubblestone work. Near the summit the sandstone is more of a yellowish color & is immediately overlaid by a thick deposit of volcanic rock (1) 30 feet thick. This is evidently [[end page]] [[start page]] an intercalated bed.) The entire[[strikethrough]] ly [[/strikethrough]] ^[[insertion]] sandstone [[/insertion]] conglomerate has the appearance of having been deposited rapidly. The sandstone [[?]] deposited and mingled with the products of volcanic eruptions & the broken & rounded fragments of beds of lava etc. Dip of even ^[[insertion]] bedded [[/insertion]] sandstone strata 15°. N. Above the even bedded sandstone layers there is 4 or 500 feet of coarse [[con?]] this may be seen extending down the pass for several miles, if the dip is retained & the strike. A view from the opposite hill ([[Northly?]] gives the following section.

[[image - sketch section of conglomerate and even bedded sandstone atop a volcanic rock putte]] [[end page]] [[start page]] [[image - landscape sketch with fault, trail and pass]] [[end page]]

At Pahranagat Lincoln Co. Nevada Dr Newberry stated that [[numerous?]] well preserved silurian fossils occur. [[horizontal line]] Primordial. South of [[Ogan?]] and also 50 miles south of [[Fish?]] Spring [[horizontal line]] [[underline]] Wahsatch [[/underline]] range & Sierra Nevada elevated at the close of the Jurassic. Wheeler pg 24. & [[strikethrough]] slight changes as late as the Eocene [[/strikethrough]] Tertiary [[horizontal line]] [[following in blue pencil]] Wheelers Rept. Sect III = Upper part Kanab section. " IV = " " " " " VI = Lower " " " [[written at angle over the preceding text]] Gilbert [[dashed line]] Sect pg 270 = Kanab sect? [[end page]] [[start page]] [[underline]] Received from Mr Bodfish. [[/underline]] 1. Clinometer. 1. Locks level. 1. Lape line - 50 feet.

[[various addition/subtraction problems written around and over text on page]] Danl Brinkerhoff Sink Valley Road to Mr. [[Lilins?]] [[line across page]] [[underline]] Aneroid. [[/underline]] [[strikethrough]] Base of [[rock?]] beds 5925 [[/strikethrough]] [[line across page]] Aug 19". Base at Barometer station. 5525 feet. 8 a.m. 4 p.m. on summit of hill 6325. [[line across page]] Aug 23.d And at summit of white [[copl..?]] bridge of section of Aug 19 - 2505 - 5775 - 10 a.m. 1 At summit of Vermillion . [[underline]] 5955 - 10.30 [[/underline]] - 2 " " of red shale 6450-11x30 - 3 [[underline]] top of hill [[/underline]] 1 [[underline]] At 1. 2 p.m. 5850 2x p.m. [[/underline]] Massive [[?]] limit 241x chert bed 150x [[end page]] [[start page]] [[various addition/subtraction problems written around text and some isolated numbers on left side]] Record of specimens Vermilion Cliffs. Conglomerate. 30. Annularia (Shinarump) [[dashed line]] To fish bed from top - 230 Fish beds & [[pantin'gs?]] 100 To top of Shinarump 210. [[line]] [[line]] 540. Shinarump marle etc 350. Estimate to top of conglomerate 350.

57 105 17 98 19 120 85 91 __ 13 132 38 -- --- 98 321 Danl Borrikerhoff 23 135 285 Sink Valley 28 -- 38 140 150 --- --- 322 161 Road to [[Mr Silus?]] 185 40. 24 50 --- --- 185 235 [[horizontal line]] 320 6000 [[underline]] 5775 [[/underline]] 225 13 [[underline]] 5 [[/underline]] 65 [[underline]] Aneroid. [[/underline]] [[strikethrough]] Base of Dark beds 5925. [[/strikethrough]] [[horizontal line]] Aug 19" Base point Barometric station 5525 feet. 8 A.M. 4 P.M. on summit of hill [[70?]] [[underline]] [[35?]] [[/underline]] [[53?]] [[?]] [[underline]] 62 627 [[underline]] 552 [[/underline]] 75 6325 2250 250 35 85 [[underline]] 45 [[/underline]] 41.5 60 [[underline]] 100 [[/underline]] 575 [[horizontal line]] Aug 23d. And at summit of White Capped Ridge of [[Sephori?]] of aug 19 - 25.05 - 5775_ 10. A.M. 1 At summit of Vermillion [[underline]] 5955-10.30 [[/underline]] - 2 " " of red shale 6450 - 11x30 - 3 [[underline]] top of hill [[/underline]] At pr 2 .P.M 5850 2xP.M 1 [[horizontal line]] Massive Sdo limst 241* Chirt bed 150x [[end page]] [[start page]] Record of specimens [[circled]] 320 [[/circled]] Vermillion Cliffs. [[620?]] 540 12 Conglomerate. . 21 180 3 40 --- 60 645 13 720 9 527 -- --- -- --- 73 19 66 [[?]] --- 26 --- 237 95 -- 570 12 --- 107 180 30 [[underline]] 340 [[/underline]] 120 510 35 8925 [[8592?]] ----- 90 375 6 S [[line connecting to N]] [[5525?]] N [[5235?]] ---- 255 180 [[24?]] 45 [[011?]] [[2?]] --- 345 [[3?]] --- [[72?]] 585 90 --- [[67?]] [[10?]] [[image - many calculations written and overwritten]] [[image - compass ray labelled from north to south, sketched across page from left to up right]]

[[Back cover]]