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The Bigger Picture: Visual Archives and the Smithsonian

Photography Murdered Painting, Right?

by Marvin Heiferman on February 2, 2010

untitled

It’s inevitable. Whenever someone tries to recount or evoke photography’s impact on visual culture when Daguerreotypes were introduced in 1839, a statement attributed to the French history painter, Paul Delaroche (1797-1859), gets dusted off for re-use. “From today,” Delaroche supposedly intoned—and whether he spoke excitedly or portentously, we’ll never know—“Painting is dead!” In either case, his announcement of a game-change, whenever it’s trotted and printed out, ends with an exclamation mark, to underscore photography’s meteoric impact on conventional representational imaging.

Of course, painting didn’t die, even if the medium seemed to have taken a direct hit. In France, for example, as photographic images spread over the years, so did Impressionism, Post-Impressionism, Cubism, and Surrealism. Photography, one might argue, didn’t murder painting; it shook things up by creating new options and opportunities.

    * Econ-O-Wash, 14th and Highland, National City Calif., 1966-68, John Baldessari, Acrylic, photoemulsion on canvas, 59 x 45 inches, courtesy of the artist.

Flash forward to California in the mid 1960s, when John Baldessari—now recognized as one of the most original artists and influential educations of his generation—looked back at paintings he had done in the previous decade and couldn’t reconcile them with the reality of the his everyday world and life. He began to incorporate photographic images into his art works and, “pretty soon,” Baldessari says in the piece he’s done for click! photography changes everything, “I was using photography almost exclusively in my work. But it wasn’t photography that I was interested in, but what art might be, and how photography could give me a quick way to implement my ideas.”

John Baldessari (centre) overseeing Cremation Project 1970, from Somebody to Talk To, by Jessica Morgan and John Baldessari, Tate Etc., Issue 17 / Autumn 2009.

Photography proved itself to be so useful that on July 24, 1970, after giving away some of his early paintings and setting aside the remaining few that still interested him, Baldessari took the bulk of what was left to a local crematorium, where they were incinerated. (Look for more photographs of the event embedded in an interview with Baldessari, that was published in the catalog for his recent retrospective, Pure Beauty, at the Tate Modern in London).

One could argue that, in Baldessari’s case, photography killed painting, yet again. And once more, something good came from it, not unlike what happens when some forested areas catch fire, burn to the ground, but then support a surprisingly vital and second growth. “People used to think I was anti-painting,” Baldesssari says, “I wasn’t. I’ve just always thought that art should be more than painting.”  And, it turns out, he thinks that photography needs to be questioned and set free of its own constraints, too. Click here for details.

Categories: Behind the Scenes
Tags: click! photography changes everything, Photo History, Contemporary Photography
Comments: View 6 comments, or Give us yours!
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Comments (6) – Leave a comment

Jane Barry

Painting and photography are different fields of art that go hand by hand. They are not mutually exclusive, they are mutually complementary I think.

Jane Barry February 4, 2010 at 6:42 am
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Marvin Heiferman

From our perpsective today, artists feel free to use whatever media and materials are at hand. But it wasn't that long ago (think the 1970s) that people had stauch and proscibed ideas of what was "art" or wasn't. Some still do. But arguing and working against those distinctions is what makes Baldessari's work so interesting and his work as an educator influential. He, and other artists, like fellow Californian Ed Ruscha, pushed against conventional wisdom and created options for artists to move freely between or from one medium to another.

Marvin Heiferman February 5, 2010 at 4:16 pm
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matt

It's true that we are free to use every piece of media to our heart's desire, but I guess that old pictures retain something in themselves that can not be replaced by a piece of glossy colored paper. It's not the memory of a person you loved or just knew, but of a time before you that seems precious in its impossibility of re-living. I don't see how photography could ever replace painting, as the former is nevertheless (with all possible means of altering and modifying) still a mirror of reality, while the latter is only the mirror of the artist's will.

matt February 8, 2010 at 5:14 am
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Natascha

A very interesting blog post. I wouldn't say that "photography murdered painting"...but I think that in the past we had many people who are interested in painting. I am a photographer and I work with someone who paints my photographs. It's truly amazing - in every painting you can see the own interpretation of the artist. On the other hand photography is clean, sharp and an art itself. I think in the future, with all the technology and almost every kid has a cell phone with a camera, it's possible that nobody is interested in painting anymore.

Natascha February 22, 2010 at 11:36 am
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Marcus

To be honest I think that photography even strengthened the painting community. Due to the fact that some people turned their interest to photography (and only to it) you could clearly see a more dense community passionate about painting. I am still not sure what "constaints" Baldesssari was talking about. Any ideas?

Marcus August 6, 2010 at 6:30 am
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Marvin Heiferman

I think what Baldessari was thinking about, re: restraints, were the conceptual,aesthetic and technical options that had come to define what was considered to be "art photography." His appreciation and imaginative use of vernacular and commerical images suggests--and the ongoing influence of his work--suggests that both art and visual culture benefit from the questioning of perception and convention.

Marvin Heiferman August 9, 2010 at 10:28 am
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